_____
答案：paper
原文定位：Horner's device consisted of a hollow drum, rotated by means of a crank. Around the drum's inner surface was a strip of paper with a sequence of paintings, drawings, or illustrations on it
同义替换：「」↔「a strip of paper with a sequence of paintings, drawings, or illustrations on it」
10 William Dickson's system of powering a movie camera with a motor was used for a great many year.
答案：FALSE
原文定位：Although its bulky motor was soon to be replaced with a lightweight hand‑crank mechanism, the Kinetograph set the standard for the motion picture cameras that would be used for the next century
同义替换：「was used for a great many year」↔「was soon to be replaced」
11 Several movies made for the cylinder Kinetoscope are still in existence today.
答案：FALSE
原文定位：Around that same time, he filmed his first experimental Kinetoscope trial film, Monkeyshines No. 1, the only surviving film from the cylinder Kinetoscope
同义替换：「Several movies」↔「the only surviving film」，「cylinder Kinetoscope」↔「cylinder Kinetoscope」，「still in existence today」↔「surviving」
12 The Lumiere brothers' invention was used to make and show movies.
答案：TRUE
原文定位：They created their own multi‑purpose device, which combined camera, printer, and projecting capabilities, was more profitable than Edison and Dickson's model, because a number of spectators could watch the film on a large screen at the same time
同义替换：「The Lumiere brothers' invention」↔「They created their own multi‑purpose device」，「used to make and show movies」↔「combined camera, printer, and projecting capabilities」
13 None of the audience at the Salon Indien in December 1895 had ever seen a motion picture before.
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：On December 28, 1895, the Lumières presented the first commercial exhibition of a projected motion picture to a paying public in the world's first movie theatre in the Salon Indien
同义替换：「Salon Indien」↔「Salon Indien」，「audience」↔「paying public」，「None of the audience had ever seen a motion picture before」↔「the first commercial exhibition of a projected motion picture」
答案：slits
原文定位：As the device turned, the viewer could observe the illusion of moving images through regularly spaced narrow slits
同义替换：「」↔「regularly spaced narrow slits」
答案：drum
原文定位：Horner's device consisted of a hollow drum, rotated by means of a crank
同义替换：「」↔「hollow drum」
答案：crank
原文定位：Horner's device consisted of a hollow drum, rotated by means of a crank
同义替换：「」↔「rotated by means of a crank」
| Year | Invention | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1861 | Kinetatoscope | displayed 3D images on 5_____ |
| 1870 | Phasmatrope | showed an audience images with illusion of 6..... |
| 1877 | Praxinoscope | an improved version of the 7..... |
| 1879 | Zoopraxiscope | projected pictures from a 8..... |
| 1890 | Kinetograph | a motion-picture camera moving a film through its sprocket system |
答案：plates
原文定位：In 1861, the US inventor Coleman Sellers patented the Kinetatoscope, a device containing a sequence of stereoscopic (3D) photos on glass plates
同义替换：「Kinetatoscope」↔「Kinetatoscope」，「images」↔「photos」
| Year | Invention | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1861 | Kinetatoscope | displayed 3D images on 5..... |
| 1870 | Phasmatrope | showed an audience images with illusion of 6_____ |
| 1877 | Praxinoscope | an improved version of the 7..... |
| 1879 | Zoopraxiscope | projected pictures from a 8..... |
| 1890 | Kinetograph | a motion-picture camera moving a film through its sprocket system |
答案：motion
原文定位：On February 5th of that year, Heyl delighted audiences at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia with his photographs of dancers, shown in rapid succession so as to create the impression of motion
同义替换：「Phasmatrope」↔「Phasmatrope」，「showed an audience images」↔「delighted audiences with his photographs」，「illusion」↔「impression」
| Year | Invention | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1861 | Kinetatoscope | displayed 3D images on 5..... |
| 1870 | Phasmatrope | showed an audience images with illusion of 6..... |
| 1877 | Praxinoscope | an improved version of the 7_____ |
| 1879 | Zoopraxiscope | projected pictures from a 8..... |
| 1890 | Kinetograph | a motion-picture camera moving a film through its sprocket system |
答案：Zoetrope
原文定位：Devised in 1877 by Frenchman Charles Emile Reynaud, this refined version of the Zoetrope had mirrors at the centre of the drum
同义替换：「improved」↔「refined」
| Year | Invention | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1861 | Kinetatoscope | displayed 3D images on 5..... |
| 1870 | Phasmatrope | showed an audience images with illusion of 6..... |
| 1877 | Praxinoscope | an improved version of the 7..... |
| 1879 | Zoopraxiscope | projected pictures from a 8_____ |
| 1890 | Kinetograph | a motion-picture camera moving a film through its sprocket system |
答案：disc
原文定位：Images appeared on a screen, having been projected from a series of photos printed on a disc that turned when the machine was operating
同义替换：「Zoopraxiscope」↔「Zoopraxiscope」，「pictures」↔「a series of photos」
9 The advantage of Etienne-Jules Marey's invention was the speed with which it could record images.
答案：TRUE
原文定位：However, true motion pictures, rather than eye‑fooling 'animations', could only occur after French innovator and physiologist Etienne‑Jules Marey, often constructing a camera that could take 12 photographs per second. Marey's chronophotographs, as he called them, were revolutionary, and he was soon able to achieve a rate of 30 images per second
同义替换：「Etienne‑Jules Marey」↔「Etienne‑Jules Marey」，「advantage」↔「revolutionary」，「speed with which it could record images」↔「achieve a rate of 30 images per second」