雅思阅读真题（Part 3）
Part 3 · 考频：高频 · 最近考试：2025.8.27浙江大学
A
A tiny insect navigates its way across featureless salt-pans. A cockroach successfully works out how to scramble over an obstacle. The mantis shrimp scans its aquatic world through hyperspectral eyes. Using the most basic of equipment and brains tinier than a pinhead, insects constantly solve complex problems of movement,vision and navigation processing data that would challenge a supercomputer. How they do it is driving one of the most exciting new fields of technology-biomimetics and biorobotics, the imitation of insect systems to control man- made machines. Delegates at a recent conference presented some out comes of their work in this area.
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答案：F
原文定位：Dr barbara Webb, predicteds swarms of tiny cheap insect-like robots as society's cleaners and collectors;Sonja Kleinlogel hoped the study of the hyperspectral eyes of the mantis shrimp might yield remote sensors that keep watch over the environmental health of our oceans;some were concerned that the initial applications of biorobotics may be military;Several delegates were concerned about the ethical implications of biorobotics, and urged that close attention be paid to this as the science and technologies develop
答案：B
原文定位：The landmarks are then scaled, from small to large, so that the robot can recognize whether it is getting closer to or further away from them
答案：E
原文定位：The key to the cockroach's remarkable cross-country performance lies partly in the fact that its legs do a lot of the ‘thinking' without having to consult the brain
答案：D
原文定位：Professor Robert Michelson had a different desert challenge-to design a flying robot that can not only navigate but also stay aloft and hover in the thin atmosphere of Mars. Drawing inspiration from insect flight, he has gone beyond nature to devise a completely new concept for a flying machine. The ‘Entomopter' is sort of double-ended dragonfly whose wings beat reciprocally;enabling it to fly slowly or hover in the thin Martian air-whereas a fixed-wing craft would have to move at more than 400 km/h and could not stop to explore
答案：A
原文定位：Using the most basic of equipment and brains tinier than a pinhead, insects constantly solve complex problems of movement, vision and navigation processing data that would challenge a supercomputer. How they do it is driving one of the most exciting new fields of technology-biomimetics and biorobotics, the imitation of insect systems to control man-made machines
答案：C
原文定位：Cataglyphis uses polarised light;to orient and steer itself;has a set of specialized photoreceptors;that detect polarized light;Using other eye receptors it stores a ‘snapshot’ image of landmarks;and compares this with what it sees as it returns;The ant also has a way of measuring distance traveled, while a ‘path integrator' periodically informs the ant of its current position relative to its point of departure;Rather than integrate all the information it receives in its brain, the ant actually performs a number of complex calculations in different organs;the ant has many separate subroutines going on simultaneously
答案：mantis shrimp
原文定位：The mantis shrimp scans its aquatic world through hyperspectral eyes
答案：panoramic camera
原文定位：A research team led by Dr Zelinsky has shown that a robot can navigate its way along 50 different landmarks by recognizing them individually using a panoramic camera
答案：sahara desert
原文定位：For three decades, Professor Ruediger Wehner has journeyed from Switzerland to the Sahara desert where Cataglyphis, a tiny ant with a brain weighing just 0.1 mg, performs acts of navigational genius
答案：polarized light
原文定位：Cataglyphis uses polarised light, caused when air molecules scatter light,to orient and steer itself
答案：a robot that categorises information from the environment according to its usefulness
原文定位：The robot's panoramic camera logs the surrounding area and its key landmarks, which are then sorted in its computer according to how reliable they are as navigational aids
答案：a robot that makes use of light as well as stored images for navigational purposes
原文定位：Cataglyphis uses polarised light;to orient and steer itself;Wehner and colleagues have built 'Sahabot', a small vehicle that uses polarisers;a digital CCD camera to store 360° images of landmarks to the ones in its memory
答案：a robot that has improved on the ability of the insect on which it is based
原文定位：Drawing inspiration from insect flight, he has gone beyond nature to devise a completely new concept for a flying machine. The ‘Entomopter' is sort of double-ended dragonfly whose wings beat reciprocally. Michelson says that the flapping-wing design gives the craft unusually high lift compared with a fixed-wing flyer, enabling it to fly slowly or hover in the thin Martian air
答案：a robot that can move over difficult surfaces
原文定位：the ability of cockroaches to run very fast over rough terrain;The team has already designed a series of robots that run on six legs or on whegs, enabling them to handle surprisingly rugged terrain