Thomas Young

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题目与答案

1. 1 ‘The last man who knew everything’ has also been claimed to other people.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Young has competition, however: The phrase, which Robinson takes for his title, also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies: Leonard Warren’s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy (1823-1891) and Paula Findlen’s 2004 book on Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680), another polymath

   同义替换：「has also been claimed to other people」↔「also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies」

2. 10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages?

   _____

   答案：Indo‑European

   原文定位：In another entry, he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India

   同义替换：「name」↔「term」，「introduce」↔「coined」，「refer to」↔「describe」，「a group of」↔「the family of」

3. 11 Who inspired Young to start his medical studies?

   _____

   答案：Richard Brocklesby

   原文定位：After leaving school, he was greatly encouraged by his mother’s uncle, Richard Brocklesby, a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby’s lead, Young decided to pursue a career in medicine

   同义替换：「inspired」↔「greatly encouraged」，「start his medical studies」↔「pursue a career in medicine」

4. 12 Where did Young get a teaching position?

   _____

   答案：Royal Institution

   原文定位：Earlier, in 1801, he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution, where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year

   同义替换：「get a teaching position」↔「appointed to a professorship」

5. 13 What contribution did Young make to London?

   _____

   答案：gas lighting

   原文定位：His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction

6. 2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica;Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica, and throughout his career, he authored numerous books, essays and papers

7. 3 Like others, Young wasn’t so brilliant when growing up.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who, unlike many remarkable children, did not disappear into oblivion as an adult

   同义替换：「Like others」↔「unlike many remarkable children」，「growing up」↔「as an adult」

8. 4 Young’s talent as a doctor surpassed his other skills.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Young’s skill as a physician, however, did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics

   同义替换：「talent as a doctor」↔「skill as a physician」，「surpassed」↔「did not equal」，「his other skills」↔「skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics」

9. 5 Young’s advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：His opinions were sought on civic and national matters, such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction

   同义替换：「advice」↔「opinions」，「people responsible for local and national issues」↔「civic and national matters」

10. 6 Young took part in various social pastimes.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：Young was introduced into elite society, attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition, he was an accomplished horseman

    同义替换：「took part in」↔「attended」

11. 7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

12. 8 How many life stories did Young write for the Encyclopedia Britannica?

    _____

    答案：46

    原文定位：Thomas Young (1773-1829) contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica, including 46 biographical entries (mostly on scientists and classicists) and substantial essays on “Bridge,” “Chromatics,” “Egypt,” “Languages” and “Tides

    同义替换：「life stories」↔「biographical」，「write」↔「contributed」

13. 9 What aspect of scientific research did Young focus on in his first academic paper?

    _____

    答案：human eye accommodation

    原文定位：In the paper, Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye - on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances

    同义替换：「focus on」↔「explained」，「aspect of scientific research」↔「the process of accommodation in the human eye」