雅思阅读真题(Part 2)

Ideal homes-new ideas and some old ones

Part 2 · 考频:中频 · 最近考试:2024.3.9/2014.11.12

文章内容(节选)

A 

The traditional Kampung houses of Malaysia do not need air conditioning. Built on stilts and with steep roofs, they have year-round ventilation. The raised structure ensures a cooling breeze comes up through the floor, while the high roof acts as a chimney to release hot air. The airtight, concrete boxes of modern city construction, in contrast, act as heat traps, says Mohammad Peter Davis of Universiti Putra Malaysia. He has calculated that typical modern Malaysian houses are 5°C hotter than the air outside. The builders of Kampung houses "had no knowledge of modern science or engineering, but they came up with the perfect design," says Davis.

 

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题目与答案

  1. 14 Reasons why a particular construction material is advantageous.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案:G

  2. 15 An example of a construction design which benefits domestic interaction.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案:E

    原文定位:The buildings were inward-looking, with several rooms facing a central courtyard, where families spent time together, and protective living areas from the rays of the sun

  3. 16 A description of a house that is ventilated from below.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案:A

    原文定位:The raised structure ensures a cooling breeze comes up through the floor, while the high roof acts as a chimney to release hot air

  4. 17 An example of self-sufficient energy supply.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案:J

    原文定位:Such projects are demonstrating that countries, whether developing or developed, no longer need huge national grids to supply electricity. Every home can do its own thing with the help of a solar panel and a storage battery

  5. 18 Suggested methods of reducing temperatures in a city.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案:C

    原文定位:If Los Angeles painted its roofs white, planted trees to shade buildings, and chose lighter-coloured paving, it could reduce city temperatures by 3°C and cut the annual air-conditioning bill by $US 170 million a year

  6. Muhammad Peter Davis
    • A The choice of a certain construction material can have a socio-economic impact.
    • B Throughout the world, people are rejecting traditional housing design in order to appear modern.
    • C Houses should not only meet people’s physical needs but also their social and psychological needs.
    • D Traditional knowledge can be superior to modern knowledge.
    • E There is an innovation that can save costs on both air-conditioning and heating.
    • F Solar energy can meet the energy needs of people living in villages in developing countries.

    答案:D Traditional knowledge can be superior to modern knowledge.

    原文定位:The builders of Kampung houses "had no knowledge of modern science or engineering, but they came up with the perfect design," says Davis

  7. Arthur Rosenfeld
    • A The choice of a certain construction material can have a socio-economic impact.
    • B Throughout the world, people are rejecting traditional housing design in order to appear modern.
    • C Houses should not only meet people’s physical needs but also their social and psychological needs.
    • D Traditional knowledge can be superior to modern knowledge.
    • E There is an innovation that can save costs on both air-conditioning and heating.
    • F Solar energy can meet the energy needs of people living in villages in developing countries.

    答案:G There is a very simple solution that can save on the cost of air-conditioning.

    原文定位:According to Arthur Rosenfeld from the University of California, what California needs is white paint. If Los Angeles painted its roofs white, planted trees to shade buildings, and chose lighter-coloured paving, it could reduce city temperatures by 3°C and cut the annual air-conditioning bill by $US 170 million a year

  8. R van der Ley
    • A The choice of a certain construction material can have a socio-economic impact.
    • B Throughout the world, people are rejecting traditional housing design in order to appear modern.
    • C Houses should not only meet people’s physical needs but also their social and psychological needs.
    • D Traditional knowledge can be superior to modern knowledge.
    • E There is an innovation that can save costs on both air-conditioning and heating.
    • F Solar energy can meet the energy needs of people living in villages in developing countries.

    答案:A The choice of a certain construction material can have a socio-economic impact.

    原文定位:Clay blocks cost only half as much as ordinary bricks. Clay also generates work because people can find, mould, take it, and work it themselves

  9. Amory Lovins
    • A The choice of a certain construction material can have a socio-economic impact.
    • B Throughout the world, people are rejecting traditional housing design in order to appear modern.
    • C Houses should not only meet people’s physical needs but also their social and psychological needs.
    • D Traditional knowledge can be superior to modern knowledge.
    • E There is an innovation that can save costs on both air-conditioning and heating.
    • F Solar energy can meet the energy needs of people living in villages in developing countries.

    答案:E There is an innovation that can save costs on both air-conditioning and heating.

    原文定位:In the United States, Amory Lovins has promoted a range of low-energy technologies: ‘super-windows’, for example, which let in invisible light but can be ‘tuned’ to either allow in, or reflect away, infrared solar radiation-the stuff that heats. Buildings with large expanses of window (and big energy bills) can be designed to achieve optimum energy efficiency

  10. 23 The temperature in modern Malaysian houses is lower than the air temperature outside.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案:FALSE

    原文定位:He has calculated that typical modern Malaysian houses are 5°C hotter than the air outside

  11. 24 The construction industry is more to blame than transport for global warming.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案:TRUE

    原文定位:Much is made of the contribution of transportation to global warming through its emissions of greenhouse gases. But globally, transportation is responsible for just 22 percent of carbon dioxide emissions. The building sector is responsible for 31 percent, mostly the result of heating and air-conditioning systems

  12. 25 The use of wind towers for cooling is widespread in the Middle East today.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案:FALSE

    原文定位:Throughout the Middle East today, wind towers are often little more than museum pieces. But there are exceptions

  13. 26 The ‘super-windows’ promoted by Amory Lovins are expensive to install in most houses.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案:NOT GIVEN

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