雅思阅读真题（Part 2）
Part 2 · 考频：超高频 · 最近考试：2024.1.13
Although the colonisation of Australia profoundly affected the continent's natural environment, many plants and animals have actually flourished since European settlement. Some even thrive in the concrete jungle of Australia's biggest city, Sydney.
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答案：why natural scientists are interested in studying urban wildlife
原文定位：Ecologists often prefer to study plants and animals in exotic locations, but a growing number have turned their attention to the complex interactions of the wildlife that inhabits concrete jungles;Associate Professor Dieter Hochuli;believes that we need to understand how cities are changing the ecology of the systems they are built on, and how plants and animals are adapting to them
同义替换：「natural scientists」↔「ecologists」，「are interested in studying」↔「turned their attention to」，「urban wildlife」↔「wildlife that inhabits concrete jungles」
答案：creatures which change their shape and colour
原文定位：It is known as the 'garbage turkey';The bird's reputation for digging through inner-city bins and scavenging street garbage;Now it happily forages in city parks and landfill
同义替换：「creature」↔「the native white ibis」
答案：changes in the urban built environment encourage particular species
原文定位：Today, homeowners prefer to landscape their backyards with tall trees and manicured lawns;Gardens filled with flowering plants and fruit trees favour omnivorous birds;The predominant driver in the decline of small birds is that we've made a suitable environment for native noisy miners
同义替换：「encourage particular species」↔「favour omnivorous birds」
答案：insects that thrive in urban areas
原文定位：Many invertebrates, such as the golden orb weaver spider and the blue triangle butterfly, also relish living in the city;The golden orb spiders in Sydney are fatter and fitter than species found elsewhere;Hochuli has also found some varieties of ant more at home in the city
同义替换：「relish living in the city」↔「thrive」，「urban areas」↔「city」
答案：the behaviour of a small animal expanding its territory
原文定位：the rabbit-sized, long-nosed bandicoot has discovered the advantages of venturing out of Sydney Harbour National Park and into suburban gardens;We don't know if it's an overflow from the park... use the urban habitat that benefits them
同义替换：「small animal」↔「bandicoot」，「expanding」↔「venturing out of」
答案：the urban environment encouraging the spread of imported flora and fauna
原文定位：It's not just native wildlife that has sought comfort in city living. Non-native species such as black rodents, cockroaches and foxes have developed survival strategies too. But weeds are the pest that has gained the most advantage;Sydney's huge stretches of impermeable concrete, together with the stormwater system, have helped weeds infiltrate the few remaining pockets of bushland
同义替换：「encouraging the spread」↔「helped weeds infiltrate」，「imported flora and fauna」↔「introduced plants」
答案：Catherine Price
原文定位：We don't know if it's an overflow from the park, or if they've got particular survival traits that allow them to evade dogs and cats, and use the urban habitat that benefits them
同义替换：「not clear」↔「We don't know」
答案：Dieter Hochuli
原文定位：We're trying to determine whether it's more food or the urban heat, as it's up to four degrees warmer in the city
同义替换：「Hot weather」↔「urban heat」
答案：Richard Major
原文定位：Today, homeowners prefer to landscape their backyards with tall trees and manicured lawns, an environment that provides little protection for small birds. But one bird's trash is another's treasure. Gardens filled with flowering plants and fruit trees favour omnivorous birds such as currawongs, bowerbirds, and the city's most despised resident—the noisy miner bird
同义替换：「residential gardens」↔「backyards」，「suit some species better」↔「favour omnivorous birds」，「researcher」↔「Richard Major」
答案：Dieter Hochuli
原文定位：Associate Professor Dieter Hochuli;believes that we need to understand how cities are changing the ecology of the systems they are built on, and how plants and animals are adapting to them
同义替换：「research into」↔「understand」，「natural world's responses」↔「plants and animals are adapting to them」，「urban settings」↔「cities」，「researcher」↔「Dieter Hochuli」
答案：rodents|||cockroaches
原文定位：Non-native species such as black rodents, cockroaches and foxes have developed survival strategies too
同义替换：「insects」↔「cockroaches」
答案：concrete
原文定位：Sydney's huge stretches of impermeable concrete, together with the stormwater system, have helped weeds infiltrate the few remaining pockets of bushland
同义替换：「large areas of」↔「huge stretches of」，「drainage network」↔「stormwater system」