The Dingo Debate

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题目与答案

1. a description of a barrier designed to stop dingoes, which also divides two kinds of non-natives animals.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：E

   原文定位：Reaching out from a desolate spot where three states meet, for 2,500 km in either direction, is the world’s longest fence;it is there to keep dingoes out of southeast, the fence separates the main types of livestock found in Australia. To the northwest of the fence, cattle predominate; to the southwest, sheep fill the landscape

   同义替换：「barrier」↔「fence」，「divides」↔「separates」，「kinds」↔「types」，「non-native animals」↔「livestock」

2. how dingoes ensure that rival species do not dominate.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：D

   原文定位：Johnson says dingoes are the solution to this problem because they keep cat and fox populations under control. Besides regularly eating the smaller predators, dingoes will kill them simply to lessen competition

   同义替换：「rival species」↔「smaller predators」，「dominate」↔「under control」，「ensure」↔「solution to this problem」

3. a reference to a widespread non-native species that other animals feed on.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：C

   原文定位：In 1860, the rabbit was unleashed on Australia by a wealthy landowner and by 1980 rabbits had covered most of the mainland. Rabbits provide huge prey base for two other introduced species: the feral (wild) cat and the red fox

   同义替换：「a widespread non-native species」↔「rabbits」，「feed on」↔「base for」

4. a mention of the dingo’s arrival in Australia.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：B

   原文定位：About 4,000 years ago, Asian sailors introduced dingoes to Australia

   同义替换：「arrival in」↔「introduced」

5. research which has proved that dingoes have resorted to eating young livestock.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：F

   原文定位：A study in Queensland suggests that dingoes don’t even prey heavily on the newborn calves unless their staple prey disappears due to deteriorating conditions like drought;In their study, some of the highest rates of calf predation occurred in areas that had been baited

   同义替换：「research」↔「study」，「young livestock」↔「newborn calves」，「eating」↔「prey on」

6. a description of a method used to kill dingoes.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：A

   原文定位：As the plane circles, those aboard drop 1,000 small pieces of meat, one by one, onto the scrubland below, each piece laced with poison; this practice is known as baiting

   同义替换：「a method used to kill dingoes」↔「baiting」

7. the way that the structure of dingo groups affects how quickly their numbers grow.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：D

   原文定位：Dingo packs live in large, stable territories and generally have only one fertile, which limits their rate of increase

   同义替换：「groups」↔「packs」，「affects how quickly their numbers grow」↔「limits their rate of increase」

8. Dingoes tend to hunt native animals rather than hunting other non-native predators.
   • Stuart McKechnie
   • Chris Johnson
   • Lee Allen
   • Mark Clifford

   答案：Mark Clifford

   原文定位：Nor is he persuaded of dingoes’ supposed ecological benefits, saying he is not convinced that they manage to catch cats that often, believing they are more likely to catch small native animals instead

   同义替换：「rather than hunting other non-native predators」↔「not catch cats that often」

9. The presence of dingoes puts the income of some people at risk.
   • Stuart McKechnie
   • Chris Johnson
   • Lee Allen
   • Mark Clifford

   答案：Stuart McKechnie

   原文定位：Stuart McKechnie, manager of Carlton Hill, complains that graziers’ livelihoods are threatened when dingoes prey on cattle

   同义替换：「puts income at risk」↔「livelihoods are threatened」

10. Dingoes have had little impact on the dying out of animal species in Australia.
    • Stuart McKechnie
    • Chris Johnson
    • Lee Allen
    • Mark Clifford

    答案：Chris Johnson

    原文定位：In the 4,000 years that dingoes have been Australia, they have contributed to few, if any, extinctions, Johnsons says

    同义替换：「little impact」↔「contributed to few, if any」，「dying out」↔「extinctions」

11. The dingo replaced the 24_____ as the main predatory animal in Australia.

    答案：Tasmanian tiger

    原文定位：As the Tasmanian tiger disappeared completely from Australia, dingoes became Australia’s top predators

    同义替换：「replaced」↔「became」，「main」↔「top」

12. Foxes and cats are more likely to hunt native animals when there are fewer 25_____ .

    答案：rabbits

    原文定位：When bad seasons follow, rabbit numbers are significantly reduced;and the dwindling but still large fox and cat populations are left with little to eat besides native mammals

    同义替换：「more likely to hunt」↔「little to eat besides」，「fewer」↔「significantly reduced」

13. Australian animals reproduce at a slow rate as a natural way of avoiding 26_____ .

    答案：overpopulation

    原文定位：Australian mammals generally reproduce much more slowly than rabbits, cats and foxes;and adaption to prevent overpopulation in the arid environment

    同义替换：「natural way of avoiding」↔「adaption to prevent」