Should we stop eating meat?

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题目与答案

1. the suggestion that people may need to adapt to a different quality of meat
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：E

   原文定位：Garnett admits, though, that if this kind of approach were generally adopted, it would require a major adjustment in food preferences; people would have to get used to chicken, for example, with less fat

   同义替换：「suggestion」↔「require」，「adapt to」↔「get used to」，「different quality of meat」↔「less fat」

2. a description of the way animals were fed in the past
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：D

   原文定位：For most of human history, livestock grazed on land that wasn't suitable for ploughing, and in doing so they converted inedible grass into edible meat and milk

   同义替换：「the way animals were fed in the past」↔「For most of human history, livestock grazed on」

3. a prediction in regard to human demand for meat
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：H

   原文定位：The United Nations 'best guess is that by 2050, the world will need to more than double its production of meat, an increase that would be environmentally disastrous

   同义替换：「prediction」↔「best guess」

4. the potential consequences of a meat-free world for textile industries
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：F

   原文定位：Another downside to a meat-free world would be the disappearance of animal by-products. Such a world would have to replace the 11 million tonnes of leather and 2 million tonnes of wool that come annually from livestock farming and which are turned into clothing

   同义替换：「textile industries」↔「clothing」，「potential consequences」↔「disappearance」

5. How does agriculture damage the environment?

   Agriculture causes significant harm to the environment in a number of ways, including the frequent use of 18_____ in modern farming and the cutting down of trees.

   答案：irrigation

   原文定位：All agriculture damages the environment. Take for example the felled forests and the common use of irrigation systems

   同义替换：「frequent」↔「common」，「modern farming」↔「agriculture」，「cutting down of trees」↔「felled forests」

6. It is also responsible for the production of many greenhouse gases,more so than 19_____ is.

   答案：transport

   原文定位：agriculture creates more greenhouse gases than all methods of transport put together

   同义替换：「is responsible for」↔「creates」

7. However, it is livestock farming in particular that is most harmful, because cows,chickens and sheep, for example,are given vast quantities of grain which could be consumed by people instead. A meat-free diet would mean that actually less 20_____ could be used for crops.

   答案：land

   原文定位：Altogether, if we switched to a vegan diet,meaning no meat,dairy or eggs, the land currently required for crops would drop by an estimated 21 per cent

   同义替换：「could be used for crops」↔「required for crops would drop」，「meat-free diet」↔「vegan diet」

8. Far less chemical pollution, specifically in the form of 21_____, would also be released into the environment, especially if consumers cut out dairy and egg products as well as meat.

   答案：nitrogen

   原文定位：One environmental impact that would also lessen through a reduction in animal farming would be that of the nitrogen emitted from agricultural processes, which spreads into both waterways and land

   同义替换：「chemical pollution」↔「nitrogen emitted from agricultural processes」

9. In the US, there is clear evidence that considerable 22_____ is caused by the demand for grazing land, although there is no information on this from other countries.

   答案：erosion

   原文定位：in the US at least, livestock account for 55% of erosion, mostly from forests being cut down to make way for grazing land

   同义替换：「caused」↔「account for」，「no information from other countries」↔「Global statistics are hard to come by」

10. It is not possible to say that a vegetarian diet is right for everyone.
    • Allison Leach
    • Tara Garnett
    • Annette Pinner
    • Helmut Haberl
    • Walter Falcon

    答案：Annette Pinner

    原文定位：Whilst there's no doubt that considerable reduction of meat consumption would have an environmental benefit, we do have to be careful about saying it would be the best solution if the whole world went vegetarian

    同义替换：「not possible to say」↔「be careful about saying」，「vegetarian diet is right for everyone」↔「best solution if the whole world went vegetarian」

11. It maybe economically preferable to farm animals in limited space.
    • Allison Leach
    • Tara Garnett
    • Annette Pinner
    • Helmut Haberl
    • Walter Falcon

    答案：Walter Falcon

    原文定位：According to Walter Falcon;this means fewer free range cattle and sheep in green fields;If you're going to keep some livestock systems;I think the ones you'll want to keep are the intensive ones

    同义替换：「economically preferable」↔「lowest environmental cost」，「farm animals in limited space」↔「intensive ones」

12. It does not make sense to give up meat without giving up dairy products too.
    • Allison Leach
    • Tara Garnett
    • Annette Pinner
    • Helmut Haberl
    • Walter Falcon

    答案：Helmut Haberl

    原文定位：It's difficult to switch to a “no- meat- but- milk diet”, says Helmut Haberl, a social ecologist

    同义替换：「give up meat without giving up dairy products」↔「no-meat-but-milk diet」，「does not make sense」↔「difficult」

13. Some animals can be fed in a way that allows waste to be recycled.
    • Allison Leach
    • Tara Garnett
    • Annette Pinner
    • Helmut Haberl
    • Walter Falcon

    答案：Tara Garnett

    原文定位：Tara Garnett;points out the usefulness of these animals. By giving them your leftovers, she says, they deal with your rubbish, and you get meat

    同义替换：「Some animals can be fed」↔「subsist on leftovers」，「waste to be recycled」↔「deal with your rubbish」，「fed in a way that allows」↔「giving them your leftovers」