# Plastics exhibition - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：超高频 - 最近考试：2025.2.22Asia/2023.9.9/2019.6.29/2016.1.23/2012.2.4 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/31db7fec-e8fe-462d-b92d-a9ca97082fb4（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:01,080 Now listen carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty. 00:00:08,500 Good morning. My name's Susan Mossman, and as well as being a part-time lecturer on the university's Museum Science degree, I'm also curator of a new exhibition opening at the Bidmouth Museum called Plasticity. 00:00:26,240 This traces the history of plastics and ways they are being developed and used today. 00:00:33,040 The first type of plastic was originally developed in response to a call from the makers of sports equipment. 00:00:40,300 Animal-derived materials were becoming extremely expensive, so manufacturers launched a competition to find an alternative to ivory for making pool and billiard balls. 00:00:53,540 Although various forms of plastic were developed, none of them were good enough to win the competition. But the inventors knew they were onto a good thing and started researching a variety of different substances, partly based on organic material, what we call semi-synthetics. One of the early semi-synthetic materials produced was the first commercially produced celluloid, or plastic film, which was made by dissolving cotton in a strong acid, such as nitric acid. 00:01:29,440 Unfortunately, this had a tendency to explode, so technicians had to be very careful with it. 00:01:37,480 They also experimented with making plastics out of products derived from milk, but this didn't really work, and efforts were therefore concentrated on other organic material. 00:01:49,840 One of the first uses of plastic was in the production of artificial fabric, and the earliest successful one was a substitute for silk. This was obviously a very expensive fiber, so artificial alternatives were thought to be worth investing in. 00:02:08,300 The next significant breakthrough came in 1907 with the invention of Bakelite. 00:02:15,109 This was the first entirely synthetic plastic made in a laboratory. 00:02:20,640 It was invented by Hendrik Bakeland, a chemist who had made a fortune from producing paper used in photographic processes. 00:02:31,000 Bakelite is a pretty unusual type of plastic because it actually gets hard when it's heated, whereas most other plastic becomes more malleable when hot. That is, they become more plastic, which is, of course, where the name for the category of materials comes from. So strictly speaking, Bakelite isn't a plastic at all. 00:02:59,000 But now let's look at the exhibition itself. 00:03:02,480 In it, we show a variety of semi-synthetic and totally synthetic plastics, some of them dating back a hundred years. 00:03:11,920 Some of the older plastics on display are unstable. This means that when they are in the process of degrading, they may produce gas which are acidic and which can cause neighboring objects in the display to disintegrate. 00:03:27,980 We had to be very careful with these displays because there is one thing which causes plastic objects to degrade or break down, and that is light. 00:03:38,800 So we've had to think of ways to get around this problem when setting up the objects on display. 00:03:45,320 We have about eight hundred and fifty objects in the exhibition. 00:03:49,760 One of our most interesting is a magnificent chandelier, a lamp designed to hang in the center of the ceiling of a big hall. 00:03:59,060 It's only when you look carefully that you can see this is a wonderful example of recycling. It's made entirely of pen, ones which we use and throw away every day. 00:04:12,640 A second exhibit, which is drawing a lot of attention, is a car made entirely from plastic, which is now in small-scale production in Japan. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. History - first plastic developed to replace ivory in sports equipment - 31 semi-synthetics, e.g. commercial celluoid - used _____ and acid History - first plastic developed to replace ivory in sports equipment - 31 semi-synthetics, e.g. commercial celluoid - used _____ and acid **答案**：cotton 原文定位：One of the early semi-synthetic materials produced was the first commercially produced celluloid, or plastic film, which was made by dissolving cotton in a strong acid, such as nitric acid ### 32. - 32 experiments making plastics from _____ products were unsuccessful - 32 experiments making plastics from _____ products were unsuccessful **答案**：milk 原文定位：They also experimented with making plastics out of products derived from milk, but this didn't really work 同义替换：「from」↔「out of;derived from」；「were unsuccessful」↔「didn't really work」 ### 33. - 33 earliest fabric to be produced was artificial _____ - 33 earliest fabric to be produced was artificial _____ **答案**：silk 原文定位：One of the first uses of plastic was in the production of artificial fabric, and the earliest successful one was a substitute for silk 同义替换：「artificial」↔「substitute for」 ### 34. - Bakelite invented in 1907 - 34 first plastic produced in a _____ - Bakelite invented in 1907 - 34 first plastic produced in a _____ **答案**：laboratory 原文定位：This was the first entirely synthetic plastic made in a laboratory 同义替换：「first plastic produced」↔「first entirely synthetic plastic made」 ### 35. - 35 invented by a _____ called Hendrik Baekeland - 35 invented by a _____ called Hendrik Baekeland **答案**：chemist 原文定位：It was invented by Hendrik Bakeland, a chemist who had made a fortune from producing paper used in photographic processes ### 36. - 36 unusual because it becomes _____ when heated. - 36 unusual because it becomes _____ when heated. **答案**：hard 原文定位：Bakelite is a pretty unusual type of plastic because it actually gets hard when it's heated 同义替换：「becomes」↔「gets」 ### 37. Exhibition Problems with display: - 37 older plastic objects may release acidic _____ Exhibition Problems with display: - 37 older plastic objects may release acidic _____ **答案**：gas 原文定位：Some of the older plastics on display are unstable. This means that when they are in the process of degrading, they may produce gas which are acidic 同义替换：「release」↔「produce」 ### 38. - 38 plastic objects degrade in _____ - 38 plastic objects degrade in _____ **答案**：light 原文定位：there is one thing which causes plastic objects to degrade or break down, and that is light 同义替换：「plastic objects degrade」↔「causes plastic objects to degrade;break down」 ### 39. Popular exhibits: 39 chandelier made using recycled _____ Popular exhibits: 39 chandelier made using recycled _____ **答案**：pen 原文定位：It's made entirely of pen, ones which we use and throw away every day 同义替换：「made using recycled」↔「made entirely of」 ### 40. 40 Car made in Japan from semi-synthetic materials base on substances found in _____ . 40 Car made in Japan from semi-synthetic materials base on substances found in _____ . **答案**：Japan 原文定位：A second exhibit, which is drawing a lot of attention, is a car made entirely from plastic, which is now in small-scale production in Japan 同义替换：「from semi-synthetic materials」↔「from plastic」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。