# Conquering the South Pole - 科目：雅思阅读真题（Part 1） - 最近考试：2025.11.1 - 题目数：13 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/32aae556-7408-4803-907f-6440a4a6d348（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 A Roald Amundsen, the Norwegian explorer celebrated for navigating the Arctic’s Northwest Passage in 1906, turned his sights southward in 1911 to claim the ultimate exploratory prize--the South Pole. Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal. Competing against Captain Robert Falcon Scott’s British team in a race to the Pole, he endured extreme cold, frostbite, and setbacks but demonstrated calm leadership and precise planning. On December 14, 1911, Amundsen and his team reached the South Pole, leaving behind letters for King Haakon VII and Scott. His success, founded on dog-pulled sleds, discipline, and scientific precision, contrasted with Scott’s tragic failure. Amundsen’s triumph symbolised a new era in exploration--where mastery of detail, efficiency, and foresight replaced romantic endurance as the mark of true achievement. B Amundsen’s preparations were exhaustive. He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on. Amundsen’s team consisted of experienced skiers and dog handlers, and his route was carefully mapped using previous expeditions’ data. He established a series of supply depots along the route to the Pole, marked by tall black flags to ensure safe return. This logistical foresight proved crucial, as it allowed his team to travel lighter and faster on the final push. C In contrast, Scott’s expedition, though brave and well-intentioned, was plagued by poor planning and misfortune. Scott’s reliance on motorised sledges, which broke down, and ponies, which could not withstand the extreme cold, slowed his progress. His team man-hauled their sledges for much of the journey, exhausting themselves. Despite reaching the Pole on January 17, 1912, they discovered Amundsen’s tent and Norwegian flag already planted there. Disheartened and weakened, Scott and his four companions perished on the return journey, just 11 miles from a supply depot. D The legacy of the two expeditions highlights a shift in exploration philosophy. Amundsen approached the challenge as a technical problem to be solved with careful preparation and respect for the environment. Scott, in the tradition of British heroic exploration, emphasized perseverance and moral courage but underestimated the Antarctic’s harsh realities. Amundsen’s success was not merely a geographical conquest but a demonstration of modern, systematic exploration. His methods influenced future polar and scientific expeditions, embedding the principle that survival and success depend as much on planning and adaptability as on bravery. ## 题目与答案 ### 1. 1 Amundsen originally planned to explore the North Pole before changing his destination. 1 Amundsen originally planned to explore the North Pole before changing his destination. - TRUE - FALSE - NOT GIVEN **答案**：TRUE 原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal 同义替换：「explore」↔「expedition」；「before changing his destination」↔「redirected his goal」 ### 10. 10 Why did Amundsen change his expedition’s goal to the South Pole? 10 Why did Amundsen change his expedition’s goal to the South Pole? - Because he lost funding for the Arctic. - To compete with Scott from the beginning. - After learning someone else had claimed the North Pole. - Due to advice from the King of Norway. **答案**：After learning someone else had claimed the North Pole. 原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal 同义替换：「change」↔「redirected」 ### 11. 11 What was a major difference between Amundsen’s and Scott’s transport choices? 11 What was a major difference between Amundsen’s and Scott’s transport choices? - Amundsen used motor sledges Scott used dogs. - Amundsen relied on skis Scott used only foot travel. - Amundsen used dog sleds Scott used ponies and motor sledges. - Amundsen used helicopters Scott used traditional methods. **答案**：Amundsen used dog sleds Scott used ponies and motor sledges. 原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on ### 12. 12 How far was Scott’s team from a supply depot when they died? 12 How far was Scott’s team from a supply depot when they died? - 11 miles - 14 miles - 100 miles - Not mentioned **答案**：11 miles 原文定位：Disheartened and weakened, Scott and his four companions perished on the return journey, just 11 miles from a supply depot 同义替换：「when they died」↔「perished」 ### 13. 13 What does the writer suggest was the key factor in Amundsen’s success? 13 What does the writer suggest was the key factor in Amundsen’s success? - Luck and good weather - Romantic endurance and courage - Systematic planning and efficiency - Support from the British government **答案**：Systematic planning and efficiency 原文定位：Amundsen’s success was not merely a geographical conquest but a demonstration of modern, systematic exploration. His methods influenced future polar and scientific expeditions, embedding the principle that survival and success depend as much on planning and adaptability as on bravery 同义替换：「key factor」↔「depend as much on」 ### 2. 2 Robert Peary’s claim to the North Pole was universally accepted. 2 Robert Peary’s claim to the North Pole was universally accepted. - TRUE - FALSE - NOT GIVEN **答案**：FALSE 原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole 同义替换：「universally accepted」↔「disputed」 ### 3. 3 Amundsen’s team used ponies as their primary means of transport. 3 Amundsen’s team used ponies as their primary means of transport. - TRUE - FALSE - NOT GIVEN **答案**：FALSE 原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on 同义替换：「primary means of transport」↔「choosing dog sleds over ponies」 ### 4. 4 Scott’s team reached the South Pole after Amundsen’s team. 4 Scott’s team reached the South Pole after Amundsen’s team. - TRUE - FALSE - NOT GIVEN **答案**：TRUE 原文定位：Despite reaching the Pole on January 17, 1912, they discovered Amundsen’s tent and Norwegian flag already planted there ### 5. 5 Amundsen left letters at the Pole for both the King of Norway and Robert Falcon Scott. 5 Amundsen left letters at the Pole for both the King of Norway and Robert Falcon Scott. - TRUE - FALSE - NOT GIVEN **答案**：TRUE 原文定位：On December 14, 1911, Amundsen and his team reached the South Pole, leaving behind letters for King Haakon VII and Scott ### 6. 6 Amundsen’s success was due to careful _____ . 6 Amundsen’s success was due to careful _____ . **答案**：preparations 原文定位：Amundsen’s preparations were exhaustive. He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on 同义替换：「careful」↔「exhaustive」 ### 7. 7 and the use of _____ pulled by dogs. 7 and the use of _____ pulled by dogs. **答案**：sleds 原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on 同义替换：「use of」↔「choosing」 ### 8. 8 He set up _____ along the route to ensure a safe return. 8 He set up _____ along the route to ensure a safe return. **答案**：supply depots 原文定位：He established a series of supply depots along the route to the Pole, marked by tall black flags to ensure safe return 同义替换：「set up」↔「established」 ### 9. 9 In contrast, Scott’s team suffered from poor planning and _____ their sledges for much of the journey. 9 In contrast, Scott’s team suffered from poor planning and _____ their sledges for much of the journey. **答案**：man‑hauled 原文定位：hauled their sledges for much of the journey, exhausting themselves --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。