The early history of olive oil

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题目与答案

1. 1 In the cultivation of olives, a period without rain is advantageous.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：The trees require some cold weather during the year, but also tolerate hot, dry conditions, and do not like moisture when they are flowering. They actually produce better when subjected to these stressful conditions

   同义替换：「cultivation of olives」↔「olive trees」，「a period without rain」↔「dry conditions」，「advantageous」↔「produce better」

2. ·10 Amurca in ancient times, this waste liquid was usually thrown away, which led to _____ .

   答案：pollution

   原文定位：In many ancient civilisations it was often simply discarded, causing serious pollution because of its acidity and high salt content

   同义替换：「Amurca」↔「which is called amurca」，「waste liquid」↔「The waste water from the milling process」，「thrown away」↔「discarded」，「led to」↔「causing」

3. However, Romans had practical applications for America:

   ·11 when dried, created hard surface, so used on _____ of certain buildings

   答案：floors

   原文定位：therefore it was often applied to the floors of grain storage buildings where it hardened, keeping out water, mud and pests

   同义替换：「used on」↔「applied to」，「certain buildings」↔「grain storage buildings」

4. ·12 used when making _____ into goods to wear

   答案：leather

   原文定位：When boiled down amurca was applied to leather to soften it so that it was easier to shape into articles of clothing and shoes

   同义替换：「making」↔「applied to」，「into goods to wear」↔「shape into articles of clothing and shoes」

5. ·fed to livestock

   ·13 used on farms as a _____ to stop insects or animals damaging crops

   答案：pesticide

   原文定位：According to ancient texts, amurca was also utilised in moderate amounts by farmers as a fertiliser or as a pesticide helping them to protect their crops from Insects and even small rodents

   同义替换：「on farms」↔「by farmers」，「stop insects or animals damaging crops」↔「protect their crops from insects and even small rodents」

6. 2 The most fertile fields are usually chosen for growing olives.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：as a result, olive trees have traditionally been grown on land where little else will survive

   同义替换：「growing olives」↔「olive trees have traditionally been grown on land」，「most fertile fields」↔「land where little else will survive」

7. 3 In ancient Greece, the olive tree was said to have divine origins.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：The ancient Greeks believed the olive tree was a priceless gift from the goddess Athena

   同义替换：「ancient Greece」↔「The ancient Greeks」，「divine origins」↔「a priceless gift from the goddess Athena」

8. 4 Olive oil was more costly to buy in Greece than gold.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：In fact, the Greek poet Homer called olive oil 'liquid gold', and during the 6th and 7th centuries BC Greek law forbade the cutting down of olive trees and made it punishable by death

   同义替换：「Greece」↔「Greek」，「more costly to buy than gold」↔「」

9. 5 Plato mentions the use of olive oil in the preparation of food.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：its employment in cooking dates at least as far back as the 5th century BC, as described by the Greek philosopher Plato

   同义替换：「Plato」↔「Plato」，「preparation of food」↔「cooking」

10. 6 North African farmers initially resisted the introduction of olive trees.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：It is generally believed that in the 1st‑2nd century BC olive trees were taken to North Africa and then to Spain, which was later to become the world's largest producer of olive oil

    同义替换：「North African」↔「North Africa」，「initially resisted the introduction」↔「」

11. Ancient olive oil processing

    ·7 olives are harvested by picking them or _____ he trees

    答案：beating

    原文定位：The olives were harvested from the trees by hand or by beating the fruit from the trees with long sticks

    同义替换：「harvested」↔「harvested」，「picking」↔「by hand」

12. ·milling stage

    ·olives are washed and crushed and seeds removed

    ·8 Olive flesh is placed in _____ and pressed

    答案：bags

    原文定位：The remaining seedless flesh was put in woven bags and pressed

    同义替换：「Olive flesh」↔「seedless flesh」，「placed in」↔「was put in」

13. ·water is poured over the mixture

    ·9 Resulting liquid is given time to settle and separate, and _____is used to aid the process

    ·oil is drawn oil and separation repeated

    答案：salt

    原文定位：In cold weather a bit of salt was added to speed up the process

    同义替换：「settle and separate」↔「settle and separate」，「aid the process」↔「speed up the process」