# How Surtsey was formed - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2020.11.12 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/4c1e99e6-91e6-4264-bfd7-fc195311c836（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:00,620 Section four. 00:00:02,460 You will hear a part of a lecture about Surtsey, a new island. 00:00:08,940 First, you will have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty. 00:01:15,380 Surtsey Island, located in the southern coast of Iceland. The island was formed from below the sea surface due to eruptions of a volcano. 00:01:27,740 The process was recorded in nineteen sixty-three. Fishing vessels crew aborted a closer sailing. Their island spotted a column of smoke rising from the sea surface. 00:01:42,680 The ship's captain thought it might be a boat on fire and turned his vessel to investigate. What they found was an island being born. 00:01:53,240 The eruption ultimately lasted three and a half years, ending in June nineteen sixty-seven. 00:02:00,860 The birth of this new landform wasn't the end of Surtsey's story. In the spring of nineteen sixty-five, only a few scientists are permitted to land on Surtsey. The only way anyone else can see it closely is from a small plane. This allows natural ecological succession for this island proceed without outside interference. The first higher plant was discovered at the shoreline is a flower called sea rocket. 00:02:35,220 Fly arrived on Surtsey soon after its formation and was first detected in nineteen sixty-four. They are carried to this island by winds and their own power. Scientists are also shocked that a large area was covered by wide ground grass in nineteen seventy-four. Scientists took half of it for analysis and discovered six hundred and sixty-three plant species. In the nineteen sixties, regular bird observations were maintained on Surtsey. These were directed primarily at staging migrants in spring and autumn. Their importance of carrying pioneering plant seeds to this island is a new investigation. A year after eruption started, the number of bacteria species increased rapidly to thirty-five until about nineteen seventies, and then leveled off and has increased slowly since with the number of species fluctuating around forty to fifty species recorded on each sampling occasion in nineteen nineties. The same survey was repeated the following year. Now also including the registration of habitat choice and habitat abundance for each species. 00:03:55,700 In nineteen seventy-one, thirty-six species were also found, of which twenty were new to the island, including the first liverwort species. 00:04:06,240 For the first time, scientists found green vegetation called matinha formed a thick carpet in the westernmost of the largest crater. You are never too old to learn, it is said, but you must admit that some kind of information sounds more like a joke, like the findings of fossil on Surtsey. An island only thirty-nine years old, the fossils were obtained as early as five years after eruption. 00:04:35,880 Radio observations suggest that very energetic particles produced by the eruption is still active. The volcanic ash samples were collected from locations by scientists also indicate this island is still on the move of new formation. Surtsey is situated in the region of extremes in winter weather and wave climate. The violent explosions caused by the meeting of lava and seawater meant that this island consisted of a loose pile of volcanic rock by storms during the winter. Wave data near Surtsey have been recorded by the Maritime Administration since nineteen eighty-eight. This island is unlikely to disappear entirely in the near future. Investigation assuming that the rate of erosion will be slow suggests that this island will last for at least many centuries. Human impact is a small hut which is used by researchers 00:05:45,780 while staying on this island. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. In 1963 the activity from an underwater 31_____ started to form an island. In 1963 the activity from an underwater 31_____ started to form an island. **答案**：volcano 原文定位：Surtsey Island, located in the southern coast of Iceland. The island was formed from below the sea surface due to eruptions of a volcano 同义替换：「underwater」↔「below the sea surface」 ### 32. Fishermen saw 32_____ coming up out of the sea. Fishermen saw 32_____ coming up out of the sea. **答案**：smoke 原文定位：The process was recorded in nineteen sixty-three. Fishing vessels crew aborted a closer sailing. Their island spotted a column of smoke rising from the sea surface 同义替换：「saw」↔「spotted」；「coming up」↔「rising from」 ### 33. What scientists found in the early days The first plant life was a type 33_____ . What scientists found in the early days The first plant life was a type 33_____ . **答案**：flower 原文定位：The first higher plant was discovered at the shoreline is a flower called sea rocket ### 34. The first sign of the life found by scientist was a fly. Scientists were surprised by the widespread growth of 34_____ . The first sign of the life found by scientist was a fly. Scientists were surprised by the widespread growth of 34_____ . **答案**：grass 原文定位：Scientists are also shocked that a large area was covered by wide ground grass in nineteen seventy-four 同义替换：「surprised」↔「shocked」；「widespread」↔「a large area」 ### 35. Later findings： In the 1960s, birds bought seed to the island In the 1970s, 35_____ were probably carried to the island. Later findings： In the 1960s, birds bought seed to the island In the 1970s, 35_____ were probably carried to the island. **答案**：bacteria 原文定位：A year after eruption started, the number of bacteria species increased rapidly to thirty-five until about nineteen seventies, and then leveled off and has increased slowly since with the number of species fluctuating around forty to fifty species recorded on each sampling occasion in nineteen nineties ### 36. The first green vegetation- marchantia formed a thick 36_____ in Surtsey. The first green vegetation- marchantia formed a thick 36_____ in Surtsey. **答案**：carpet 原文定位：For the first time, scientists found green vegetation called matinha formed a thick carpet in the westernmost of the largest crater ### 37. Contrast: Surtsey - an island only 39 years old. The 37_____ where obtained as early as 5 years after the eruption. Contrast: Surtsey - an island only 39 years old. The 37_____ where obtained as early as 5 years after the eruption. **答案**：fossils 原文定位：You are never too old to learn, it is said, but you must admit that some kind of information sounds more like a joke, like the findings of fossil on Surtsey. An island only thirty-nine years old, the fossils were obtained as early as five years after eruption ### 38. However, 38_____ observation suggest that volcano is very energetic. However, 38_____ observation suggest that volcano is very energetic. **答案**：radio 原文定位：Radio observations suggest that very energetic particles produced by the eruption is still active ### 39. Climate and future: The enormous waves of winter 39_____ . Climate and future: The enormous waves of winter 39_____ . **答案**：storm 原文定位：The violent explosions caused by the meeting of lava and seawater meant that this island consisted of a loose pile of volcanic rock by storms during the winter ### 40. An assessment assuming that the island will survive for many 40_____ . An assessment assuming that the island will survive for many 40_____ . **答案**：centuries 原文定位：Investigation assuming that the rate of erosion will be slow suggests that this island will last for at least many centuries 同义替换：「assessment」↔「investigation」；「survive」↔「last」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。