# The Berbers - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2023.8.19/2019.7.20/2018.5.5/2017.2.25/2016.6.25/2013.10.19/2010.12.18 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/4f47fb5d-645b-41dc-b178-efc56d00af90（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:01,680 You will hear part of a lecture on rural development. 00:00:06,200 First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty. 00:00:11,320 Good morning, everyone. Now, you'll remember that last week we looked at the migration of people from the interior of West Africa to various coastal towns with special reference to Ghana. 00:00:23,200 Uh, today we're going to focus on the people known as the Berbers who live in North Africa. 00:00:28,960 The Berbers inhabited this part of Africa as long ago as the seventh century, and their society was based on tribes which were scattered throughout a number of countries: Algeria, Morocco, Libya and Mali. However, at some point in the twelfth century, the area was invaded by Bedouin Arabs. These people destroyed the Berbers' peasant economy. 00:00:52,520 As a result, many Berbers left their settlements to lead a nomadic life by wandering with their animals through the deserts and across the different mountains. 00:01:02,200 Over the centuries, many Berbers migrated to other countries like Spain and France, uh, to work as laborers, taking with them their culture and traditions, and their descendants remain there until this day. 00:01:15,620 Not all the Berbers led a fully nomadic life. There were three different groups. Uh, some became farmers, cultivating the lowlands in the winter and grazing their flocks of animals in the mountains during the summer. They are called seasonal nomads. Some Berbers who led a completely nomadic life tended to move from one oasis to another. 00:01:38,660 A third group settled by the oases and grew fruit and vegetables like dates and eggplants, as well as making olive oil, which they used for cooking. 00:01:49,040 Traditionally, Berbers kept cattle, sheep and goats together with oxen, mules and horses. 00:01:55,860 Now, in the Sahel region of North Africa, th-that's the area south of the Sahara Desert, the region became, and still is, becoming increasingly dry and arid. So the Berbers relied more and more on camels for transporting their families and their goods. 00:02:13,360 How did these different groups of people survive in such harsh conditions? Where did they live? 00:02:19,900 Well, Berbers who stayed put in one place built single-story stone houses for protection by quarrying the local rock. 00:02:28,920 Whereas nomadic Berbers carried their homes with them and erected temporary tents, settled Berbers developed various small scale industries such as pottery making and weaving. But these tasks were generally left to the Berber women. 00:02:44,300 As you might expect, though, the life of a settled community was governed by the men who met regularly in the village square to discuss affairs and make decisions. 00:02:55,040 Now let's turn to the Tuaregs who belong to a nomadic Berber group and move mainly in the central and western Sahara Desert, north of the River Niger. 00:03:05,460 The word Tuareg comes from the Arabic Tawarek and means God-forsaken. 00:03:12,740 Desert Tuareg carried tents made of strips of goat skins sewn together. As many as, uh, forty skins were needed to make a complete tent. 00:03:21,920 If the skins weren't available, they wove mats made of grass or palm leaves and hung them over a frame so that the tent looked like a humped dome. 00:03:32,060 Tuareg society was traditionally very feudal and organized as a strict hierarchy, ranging from nobles or aristocrats downwards to laborers whose ancestors had once been slaves. 00:03:46,300 Tuaregs were famous for their warlike qualities and fierce independence. In fact, one of the greatest insults was to suggest to a Tuareg that his father had died in his bed and not while fighting. 00:04:00,960 Tuareg men were sometimes called blue men as all adult males wore a dark blue veil in the presence of women, strangers and in-laws. Legend had it that a Tuareg man couldn't be recognized unless he was wearing this veil. But this custom of the veil began to disappear as more and more Tuaregs became urbanized and moved to the towns. 00:04:23,820 I mentioned earlier how dry the Sahel region has become, and there have been very severe droughts over the past thirty years. This has meant that the number of Tuaregs living in the area has declined. Those whose animals were fortunate enough to survive have moved away from the southern Sahara into Burkina Faso in order to find new grazing lands for their herds. 00:04:46,680 If there's one city which people associate with the Sahara Desert, it's probably Timbuktu. [notification sound] But what most people don't know is that Timbuktu was founded by Tuareg nomads almost a thousand years ago. The city became the focal point of the trans-Saharan caravan routes. 00:05:06,240 North African merchants flocked there to do business, and trading in gold and salt flourished. 00:05:12,820 For many years, Timbuktu was considered inaccessible. But today, what is left of the city attracts a small number of tourists. 00:05:22,500 The tourism department of the Mali government employs some Tuaregs who act as guides. Essential really, when you realize that it's only the Tuaregs who can find their way around the desert using the sand dunes as landmarks. 00:05:37,860 Right. I'll take questions now before I go on to discuss Tamasheq, the language spoken by the Tuaregs, which will ## 题目与答案 ### 31. · lived in various countries in North Africa · were driven from their home during the 12th century · began to lead to nomadic life, moving across · 31_____ and mountains · lived in various countries in North Africa · were driven from their home during the 12th century · began to lead to nomadic life, moving across · 31_____ and mountains **答案**：deserts 原文定位：As a result, many Berbers left their settlements to lead a nomadic life by wandering with their animals through the deserts and across the different mountains ### 32. Different Berber Lifestyles · Some berbers, known as 32_____ nomads, moved twice a year. Different Berber Lifestyles · Some berbers, known as 32_____ nomads, moved twice a year. **答案**：seasonal 原文定位：some became farmers, cultivating the lowlands in the winter and grazing their flocks of animals in the mountains during the summer. They are called seasonal nomads ### 33. · Some berbers were completely nomadic. · Some berbers settled by oases, producing fruit, vegetables, and 33_____ to cook with. · Some berbers were completely nomadic. · Some berbers settled by oases, producing fruit, vegetables, and 33_____ to cook with. **答案**：oil 原文定位：A third group settled by the oases and grew fruit and vegetables like dates and eggplants, as well as making olive oil, which they used for cooking 同义替换：「producing」↔「making」 ### 34. · People and belongings were carried by 34_____ . · People and belongings were carried by 34_____ . **答案**：camels 原文定位：So the Berbers relied more and more on camels for transporting their families and their goods 同义替换：「belongings」↔「their goods」；「carried by」↔「transporting」 ### 35. · Settled berbers lived in houses. · Nomadic berbers used tents. · Settled communities organized themselves by holding regular meetings in the 35_____ of the village. · Settled berbers lived in houses. · Nomadic berbers used tents. · Settled communities organized themselves by holding regular meetings in the 35_____ of the village. **答案**：square 原文定位：the life of a settled community was governed by the men who met regularly in the village square to discuss affairs and make decisions 同义替换：「organized themselves」↔「governed by the men」 ### 36. The Tuaregs · If goatskins were unavailable, tents were made from 36_____ or palm-leaf mats. The Tuaregs · If goatskins were unavailable, tents were made from 36_____ or palm-leaf mats. **答案**：grass 原文定位：If the skins weren't available, they wove mats made of grass or palm leaves and hung them over a frame so that the tent looked like a humped dome ### 37. · Tuareg labourers were the descendants of 37_____ . · Tuareg labourers were the descendants of 37_____ . **答案**：slaves 原文定位：Tuareg society was traditionally very feudal and organized as a strict hierarchy, ranging from nobles or aristocrats downwards to laborers whose ancestors had once been slaves 同义替换：「the descendants of」↔「whose ancestors had once been」 ### 38. · Adult men always wore a 38_____ veil. · Adult men always wore a 38_____ veil. **答案**：veil 原文定位：Tuareg men were sometimes called blue men as all adult males wore a dark blue veil in the presence of women, strangers and in-laws ### 39. · Some Tuaregs moved to Burkina Faso with their 39_____ . · Some Tuaregs moved to Burkina Faso with their 39_____ . **答案**：animals 原文定位：Those whose animals were fortunate enough to survive have moved away from the southern Sahara into Burkina Faso in order to find new grazing lands for their herds ### 40. Tuaregs and Timbuktu · Timbuktu was settled by Tuaregs around 1000 years ago. · The city built wealth on the salt and gold trades. · Some Tuaregs now work as 40_____ for the Mallian Department of Tourism. Tuaregs and Timbuktu · Timbuktu was settled by Tuaregs around 1000 years ago. · The city built wealth on the salt and gold trades. · Some Tuaregs now work as 40_____ for the Mallian Department of Tourism. **答案**：guides 原文定位：The tourism department of the Mali government employs some Tuaregs who act as guides 同义替换：「work as」↔「act as」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。