雅思阅读真题（Part 2）
Part 2 · 最近考试：2026.9.4长沙职业保险学院
Research shows that our olfactory sense is more influential than we realise
A
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答案：D
原文定位：We are also exceptionally gifted at telling smells apart, even in the case of two molecules whose only difference is that their structures are mirror images of one another. That is fantastic sensitivity,” says George Dodd, a perfumer and researcher at the olfaction group of the University of Warwick, in the United Kingdom
同义替换：「humans can distinguish between」↔「We are also exceptionally gifted at telling smells apart」，「two extremely similar substances」↔「two molecules whose only difference is that their structures are mirror images of one another」
答案：B
原文定位：After comparing the proportion of the brain devoted to smell in different animals, he suggested that mammals can be classed into two broad groups: macrosmatic mammals, such as dogs, have a finely tuned sense of smell which they rely on to perceive the world, while we, along with other primates and the marine mammals, are microsmatic – we have small olfactory organs that we only rely on to a small extent
同义替换：「categorisation」↔「be classed into two broad groups」
答案：F
原文定位：A study by William Overman and colleagues at the University of North Carolina in the United States found that when men were subjected to a novel smell – either good or bad – during a task used to test decision-making skills, they performed significantly worse than normal. The researchers concluded that the scent stimulated brain areas connected with emotion, making their decisions emotional rather than rational
同义替换：「smell negatively affected」↔「performed significantly worse than normal」，「ability to make choices」↔「decision‑making skills」
答案：C
原文定位：One study, for example, found that we can detect certain chemicals diluted in water to less than one part per billion. That means that a person can detect just a few drops of a strong smell like ethyl mercaptan in an Olympic-sized pool
同义替换：「proved humans could perceive」↔「found that we can detect」
答案：A
原文定位：Noses have certainly never been at the forefront of sensory research, and were pushed aside until recently in favour of the seemingly more vital senses of vision and hearing
同义替换：「studies」↔「research」，「have been undervalued」↔「never been at the forefront」
答案：E
原文定位：The power of smell will be no news to estate agents, who often advocate the smell of baking bread or brewing coffee to promote the sale of a house
同义替换：「using smell」↔「the smell of baking bread or brewing coffee」，「prompt people to buy something」↔「promote the sale of a house」
答案：Rob Holland
原文定位：Meanwhile, Rob Holland of the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands found that the hint of aroma wafting out of a hidden bucket of citrus-scented cleaner was enough to persuade students in a hostel to clean up after themselves
同义替换：「A faint smell」↔「the hint of aroma」，「could motivate」↔「was enough to persuade」，「people to do household chores」↔「clean up after themselves」
答案：Charles Greer
原文定位：And although we may have fewer types of receptor than other mammals, Charles Greer at Yale University in the United States has shown that the human nose and brain are unusually well connected, with each group of receptors linking to many more neural regions than is the case in other animals. That should give us a good ability to process incoming scents
同义替换：「species」↔「animals」
答案：William Overman and colleagues
原文定位：The researchers concluded that the scent stimulated brain areas connected with emotion, making their decisions emotional rather than rational
同义替换：「Smell is associated with feelings」↔「the scent stimulated brain areas connected with emotion」，「rather than the logical part of the brain」↔「emotional rather than rational」
答案：Pierre Paul Broca
原文定位：After comparing the proportion of the brain devoted to smell in different animals, he suggested that mammals can be classed into two broad groups: macrosmatic mammals, such as dogs, have a finely tuned sense of smell which they rely on to perceive the world, while we, along with other primates and the marine mammals, are microsmatic – we have small olfactory organs that we only rely on to a small extent
同义替换：「do not require a sophisticated ability to smell」↔「small olfactory organs that we only rely on to a small extent」
答案：amygdala
原文定位：This isn't surprising when you consider that there are certain brain areas dedicated to both emotion and olfaction, such as the amygdala, and there is a strong link between emotion and memory
同义替换：「a part of」↔「areas」，「feeling」↔「emotion」，「smell」↔「olfaction」
答案：Unpleasant
原文定位：In 2009, Yeshurun found that the link between a memory and a smell is stronger if the smell is unpleasant rather than pleasant
同义替换：「create especially powerful associations with memories」↔「the link between a memory and a smell is stronger」
答案：childhood
原文定位：Since those first encounters with a smell would have happened at a young age, this explains why smells often transport us back to our childhood
同义替换：「Of all the senses」↔「this doesn't happen with any other sense」，「smell has the capacity to prompt memories of」↔「smells often transport us back to」