# Maori carving - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 3） - 考频：超高频 - 最近考试：2020.12.12/2016.7.30/2015.4.18/2012.11.24 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/58ccab11-fcd4-48b1-b350-d82e83575bd9（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:00,080 Mike discussing Maori carvings. 00:00:03,580 First, you have some time to look at questions twenty-one to twenty-five. 00:00:22,380 Now listen carefully and answer questions twenty-one to twenty-five. 00:00:41,720 Hi, Mike. Aren't these New Zealand carvings we've been studying in class fascinating? 00:00:47,220 Oh, hi, Amy. Oh, the Maori greenstone tikis. They're all a bit organic for my taste. You know, all curves and twisting shapes. I like modern stuff, geometric shapes, but I can see the skill involved in making them. 00:01:03,920 But the stories behind the tikis are what make them interesting. Besides, I imagine it would be difficult to create geometric patterns. The shape of each tiki seems to follow the natural contours of the stone. It's extremely hard, and it requires expertise and time to shape. 00:01:23,470 That's true. I suppose that's why modern greenstone carvings are so expensive. But there aren't that many genuine old ones around. Archaeologists rarely discover such treasures, which is odd given they are such a huge part of Maori culture. I wonder if archaeological dig sites were raided, and the tikis were taken to sell. 00:01:47,300 I believe it's because the owners valued them and so preserved them. Many of them would have been passed down through the generations and remain in the possession of the families today, like heirlooms. Do you know what they were used for? 00:02:03,600 I thought they were just an art form or a means of decoration, but Professor Matiu says that the Maori believed tikis were sacred and could be used as a pathway to their ancestors. They believed the dead could speak to them through these talismans. 00:02:20,320 So they don't represent tribes or anything? Interesting. How many different kinds are there? There must be hundreds of variations. 00:02:30,500 There are other greenstone carvings beside tikis, although I can't remember all their names. Traditional tikis themselves can be divided into two distinct groups, though. 00:02:41,980 Can they, by the materials? I've seen some with metal features. Or is it to do with size or where they were made? 00:02:51,700 Actually, it is the ways that their feet, heads, and hands are placed that make the major difference. 00:02:58,120 Is it easy to discern the difference between the ancient stones and more modern reproductions? Are the styles very different? 00:03:06,460 Modern reproductions usually use a different type of stone. Although they may be of the same design, they may also be of a smaller size. But it's actually quite easy to tell if you are buying a genuine carving or a mass-produced souvenir. 00:03:24,040 How? 00:03:25,140 Nowadays, they are produced by machine using lasers even, so they have no blemishes. In genuine carvings, they aren't always perfect because the Maori used simple hand tools. For example, the hole that the cord is fed through isn't perfectly round. 00:03:43,060 That makes sense. 00:03:47,160 Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions twenty-six to thirty. 00:03:58,160 Now listen carefully and answer questions twenty-six to thirty. 00:04:26,820 Actually, it's amazing that they produce such detailed tikis with such simple tools and materials. Talk me through the process. I know the basic shape is carved from New Zealand greenstone. 00:04:39,960 Yes, but first, they had to get a blank of the right size. 00:04:44,240 You mean a piece of stone of the right size and basic shape? 00:04:48,640 That's right. They used a hard stone tool, something rough, to wear a groove into a piece of greenstone. After they'd scored it with that, they could just snap it in two. I guess they could have used some kind of hammer, though. They repeated the process until they had a piece of stone suitable for what they wanted to carve. Usually flat pieces for tikis. 00:05:13,180 Right. Because they're fairly small and quite thin. Then they started carving? 00:05:19,460 Not right away. Before they could start carving, they needed an absolutely smooth, flat surface. Nowadays, when we want to do something like that, we'd clamp the stone in a vice and use a sander. But they used a heavy block of sandstone and rubbed the piece of greenstone on it over and over to prepare it for carving. 00:05:43,480 It must have been very time-consuming. So how did they cut out the little details like hands and feet? 00:05:51,180 They had carving tools. They used small chips of stone, glued and tied onto a wooden handle. Then they also used a piece of sharpened bone made into a point. 00:06:03,680 Is that what they used to make the holes? 00:06:06,860 Actually, they had a special tool to make holes. It was a stick tied between two heavy pebbles with a point at the end. They would wrap string around it, pull it back and forth to wear a hole into the tiki. They used the same technique to make round shapes too, but didn't make the hole go all the way through. 00:06:28,260 And I've seen some tikis with colored eyes or decorations. Are they painted? 00:06:34,420 Mostly, they are inlaid with different colored stone or mother of pearl from shells, or sometimes dyed pieces of bone. They were fixed in place using tarata gum, a sticky plant resin. They used plants to make the natural strings, too. 00:06:52,100 That's right. The Maori were very resourceful, weren't they? 00:06:55,920 They certainly were. ## 题目与答案 ### 21. 21 Amy and Mike agree that the greenstone tikis 21 Amy and Mike agree that the greenstone tikis - take great skill to produce - are fascinating curved shapes - have interesting stories behind them **答案**：take great skill to produce 原文定位：Oh, the Maori greenstone tikis. They're all a bit organic for my taste. You know, all curves and twisting shapes. I like modern stuff, geometric shapes, but I can see the skill involved in making them;But the stories behind the tikis are what make them interesting. Besides, I imagine it would be difficult to create geometric patterns. The shape of each tiki seems to follow the natural contours of the stone. It's extremely hard, and it requires expertise and time to shape;That's true ### 22. 22 According to Amy, why are so few genuine old tikis found on archaeological dig sites? 22 According to Amy, why are so few genuine old tikis found on archaeological dig sites? - not many people know about them - they tend to be stolen by treasure hunters - the majority become inherited items **答案**：the majority become inherited items 原文定位：But there aren't that many genuine old ones around. Archaeologists rarely discover such treasures, which is odd given they are such a huge part of Maori culture. I wonder if archaeological dig sites were raided, and the tikis were taken to sell;I believe it's because the owners valued them and so preserved them. Many of them would have been passed down through the generations and remain in the possession of the families today, like heirlooms 同义替换：「so few genuine old tikis found on archaeological dig sites」↔「Archaeologists rarely discover such treasures」；「the majority become inherited items」↔「Many of them would have been passed down through the generations and remain in the possession of the families today, like heirlooms」 ### 23. 23 The Maori people considered tikis to be 23 The Maori people considered tikis to be - decorative items - religious objects - tribal symbols **答案**：religious objects 原文定位：Do you know what they were used for;I thought they were just an art form or a means of decoration, but Professor Matiu says that the Maori believed tikis were sacred and could be used as a pathway to their ancestors. They believed the dead could speak to them through these talismans;So they don't represent tribes or anything? Interesting 同义替换：「considered」↔「believed」；「religious objects」↔「sacred」 ### 24. 24 Tikis are classified into one type or the other by 24 Tikis are classified into one type or the other by - where they originated - the materials used - the position of the body **答案**：the position of the body 原文定位：Can they, by the materials? I've seen some with metal features. Or is it to do with size or where they were made;Actually, it is the ways that their feet, heads, and hands are placed that make the major difference 同义替换：「classified into one type or the other」↔「can be divided into two distinct groups」；「the position of the body」↔「the ways that their feet, heads, and hands are placed」 ### 25. 25 How can modern reproductions be easily distinguished from genuine Maori carvings? 25 How can modern reproductions be easily distinguished from genuine Maori carvings? - the materials differ - they are too regular in shape - they are of different sizes **答案**：they are too regular in shape 原文定位：Is it easy to discern the difference between the ancient stones and more modern reproductions? Are the styles very different;Modern reproductions usually use a different type of stone. Although they may be of the same design, they may also be of a smaller size. But it's actually quite easy to tell if you are buying a genuine carving or a mass-produced souvenir;How;Nowadays, they are produced by machine using lasers even, so they have no blemishes. In genuine carvings, they aren't always perfect because the Maori used simple hand tools. For example, the hole that the cord is fed through isn't perfectly round 同义替换：「easily distinguished from」↔「easy to discern the difference between」 ### 26. creating a blank creating a blank - Sandstone block - Plant glue - Stone scoring tool - Bone point - Stick drill **答案**：Stone scoring tool 原文定位：Yes, but first, they had to get a blank of the right size;You mean a piece of stone of the right size and basic shape;That's right. They used a hard stone tool, something rough, to wear a groove into a piece of greenstone. After they'd scored it with that, they could just snap it in two. I guess they could have used some kind of hammer, though. They repeated the process until they had a piece of stone suitable for what they wanted to carve. Usually flat pieces for tikis 同义替换：「creating a blank」↔「get a blank of the right size」 ### 27. smoothing the surface smoothing the surface - Sandstone block - Plant glue - Stone scoring tool - Bone point - Stick drill **答案**：Sandstone block 原文定位：Right. Because they're fairly small and quite thin. Then they started carving;Not right away. Before they could start carving, they needed an absolutely smooth, flat surface. Nowadays, when we want to do something like that, we'd clamp the stone in a vice and use a sander. But they used a heavy block of sandstone and rubbed the piece of greenstone on it over and over to prepare it for carving 同义替换：「smoothing」↔「rubbed the piece of greenstone on it over and over」 ### 28. carving details carving details - Sandstone block - Plant glue - Stone scoring tool - Bone point - Stick drill **答案**：Bone point 原文定位：It must have been very time-consuming. So how did they cut out the little details like hands and feet;They had carving tools. They used small chips of stone, glued and tied onto a wooden handle. Then they also used a piece of sharpened bone made into a point ### 29. making holes making holes - Sandstone block - Plant glue - Stone scoring tool - Bone point - Stick drill **答案**：Stick drill 原文定位：Is that what they used to make the holes;Actually, they had a special tool to make holes. It was a stick tied between two heavy pebbles with a point at the end. They would wrap string around it, pull it back and forth to wear a hole into the tiki. They used the same technique to make round shapes too, but didn't make the hole go all the way through 同义替换：「Stick drill」↔「a stick tied between two heavy pebbles with a point at the end」 ### 30. fixing coloured fixing coloured - Sandstone block - Plant glue - Stone scoring tool - Bone point - Stick drill **答案**：Plant glue 原文定位：And I've seen some tikis with colored eyes or decorations. Are they painted;Mostly, they are inlaid with different colored stone or mother of pearl from shells, or sometimes dyed pieces of bone. They were fixed in place using tarata gum, a sticky plant resin. They used plants to make the natural strings, too --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。