paragraph_main 14
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
原文定位：Norway, however, appears to be burning its way through a sizeable chunk of Europe's municipal waste, using the heat created by this process to warm and power homes in many of its cities. Norway isn't alone: Germany, Sweden, Belgium and the Netherlands all burn significant quantities of rubbish, and across Europe there are 420 plants burning municipal waste
paragraph_main 15
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：a number of justifications for the use of ingratiation
原文定位：Advocates see incineration as a practical way to deal swiftly with an immediate problem
paragraph_main 16
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
原文定位：But in a broader perspective, it's a lazy way of getting rid of waste; you don't stimulate the goals of reducing, reusing and recycling
paragraph_main 17
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
原文定位：We used to call this the 'cradle to grave' life cycle; now, the talk is of 'cradle to cradle' and an even more comprehensive concept known as 'zero waste'
paragraph_main 18
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：difficult choices for individuals and businesses
原文定位：Supermarkets keep their shelves stocked even when demand isn't there, which means they have to pay to dispose of a lot of food. But that cost is less to them than the cost in brand damage of having empty shelves
paragraph_main 19
- new terminology reflecting changing attitudes to waste disposal
- fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- ways of rewarding the public for recycling
- a surprising approach to waste disposal by several countries
- difficult choices for individuals and businesses
- arguments against incineration from a country that uses it
答案：fundamental changes in behaviour in the past and future
- A Incineration does not encourage responsible attitudes to waste disposal.
- B Recycling can sometimes create serious problems for the future.
- C Greater consumerism leads to higher levels of waste.
- D Proper systems are needed for the recycling of environmentally-friendly products.
- E Landfill is better for the environment that incineration.
- F Incineration of waste is now relatively harmless to the environment.
答案：F Incineration of waste is now relatively harmless to the environment.
原文定位：According to Ted Michaels, president of the US-based Energy Recovery Centre, 'There has been constant evolution in combustion engineering and emissions-control technology, and the output from these facilities is now minuscule
- A Incineration does not encourage responsible attitudes to waste disposal.
- B Recycling can sometimes create serious problems for the future.
- C Greater consumerism leads to higher levels of waste.
- D Proper systems are needed for the recycling of environmentally-friendly products.
- E Landfill is better for the environment that incineration.
- F Incineration of waste is now relatively harmless to the environment.
答案：C Greater consumerism leads to higher levels of waste.
原文定位：It's a problem for the developed nations,' says Joergen Fenhann... 'The more you develop, the more you produce, buy and throw away
- A Incineration does not encourage responsible attitudes to waste disposal.
- B Recycling can sometimes create serious problems for the future.
- C Greater consumerism leads to higher levels of waste.
- D Proper systems are needed for the recycling of environmentally-friendly products.
- E Landfill is better for the environment that incineration.
- F Incineration of waste is now relatively harmless to the environment.
答案：D Proper systems are needed for the recycling of environmentally-friendly products.
原文定位：You design a bottle that contains no toxins, is fully recyclable and requires the minimum amount of energy to be produced.' As Simon points out, however, without the right mechanisms in place 'nothing guarantees that this bottle will end up being properly collected and treated in the appropriate recycling facility
- A Incineration does not encourage responsible attitudes to waste disposal.
- B Recycling can sometimes create serious problems for the future.
- C Greater consumerism leads to higher levels of waste.
- D Proper systems are needed for the recycling of environmentally-friendly products.
- E Landfill is better for the environment that incineration.
- F Incineration of waste is now relatively harmless to the environment.
答案：G Efforts to reduce waste may affect profits for some types of companies.
原文定位：You can argue about composting that, or not buying it in the first place if you do that, then that's money the retailers don't get, so it's not always clear cut
What recent history tells us about recycling
24 Richard Fisher, a researcher from Cranfield University, points out that the pace of consumerism has increased more quickly than was predicted in the 1980s. There has, for example, been unexpected growth in waste from _____ products.
答案：electronic
原文定位：Nobody would have said there would be so much electronic waste
25 He suggests that the need to protect the environment should be linked to basic values, and adds that it might be better if consumers had more influence over _____
答案：business
原文定位：We need to look at whether it's business that drives consumers or the other way around
26 and more direction was provided is provided by _____ .
答案：government
原文定位：You need government to play a leadership role, whereas countries such as the UK seem to be stepping away from the environment in pursuit of short-term economic goals