雅思阅读真题（Part 3）
Part 3 · 考频：超高频 · 最近考试：2021.2.6/2016.9.3/2013.9.21
Do tiny changes of facial expression show whether someone is telling lies?
A
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答案：students
原文定位：Forty years ago, the research psychologist Dr. Paul Ekman was addressing a group of young psychiatrists in training when he was asked a question, the answer to which has kept him busy ever since
答案：describe the origins of Ekman’s theories
原文定位：As part of his research, he had already filmed a series of 12-minute interviews with psychiatric patients;And suddenly, there, across just two frames of the film, he saw it: an intense expression of extreme anguish... He termed his discovery "micro-expression": very rapid intense demonstrations of emotion that the subject intended to be concealed
答案：micro-expressions are common to all people
原文定位：Over the course of the next four decades, Ekman successfully demonstrated a proposition first suggested by Charles Darwin: that the ways in which we express disgust, contempt, fear, surprise, happiness, and sadness are universal. The facial muscles triggered by those seven basic emotions are, he has shown, essentially standard, regardless of language and culture, from the US to Japan and Brazil to Papua New Guinea
答案：Few untrained people can detect lies
原文定位：Fortunately for liars, most people will fail to spot these fleeting signals of inner torment. Of the 15000 Ekman has tested, only 50 people, whom he calls "naturals," have been able to do it. But given a little more training, Ekman says, almost anyone can develop the skill
答案：they have been in great demand
原文定位：He should know, since these tests were completed in the mid-1980s and the first publication of his research, he has been called in by the FBI and CIA (among countless more law enforcement and other agencies around the world), not just to solve cases, but to teach them how to use his techniques for themselves. He has held workshops for defense and prosecution lawyers, health professionals, even jealous spouses, all of them wanting to know exactly when someone is not being 100 per cent candid
答案：false beliefs
原文定位：In particular, he was fearful that the show would exaggerate the effectiveness of his techniques and create the quite inaccurate impression among audiences that criminals could no longer hope to get away with lying
答案：justice
原文定位：In the worst-case scenario, he was concerned about unfair convictions, that one day someone not properly trained in his techniques might be sitting on a jury and wrongly find someone guilty of a crime simply on the basis of a television programme
答案：research
原文定位：It is the first time, as far as Ekman is aware, that a commercial TV drama has been based on the work of just one scientist
答案：motives
原文定位：He was also impressed with the producer’s manifestly serious and well-intentioned reasons for making the programme
答案：accuracy
原文定位：Now that the first series has been completed, he believes probably 80-90 per cent of the show is based on fact and that’s good enough for what it is. After all, a drama, not a documentary
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：Ekman, incidentally, professes to have been a terrible liar ever since he was a small boy
答案：FALSE
原文定位：and observes that the ability to detect a lie and the ability to lie successfully are completely unrelated
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：This means that an actor or a poker player isn’t a true liar. They are supposed to deceive you, it’s part of the game, and the same is true of flattery
答案：TRUE
原文定位：He prefers to focus on the kinds of lies where the liar would be in grave trouble if they were found out and where the target would feel properly aggrieved if they knew