Maori fish hooks

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题目与答案

1. Instruction on how to recognise authentic Maori hooks from counterfeit ones.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：I

   原文定位：Fake hooks can be spotted by their cheap construction, inconsistent materials, rudimentary lashings, odd or over-elaborate decorative carvings, and finally, by the lack of in-turned points or angled grooves used to actually attach the fishing line

2. 10 The hook works by making a hole and embedding itself in the mouth of the fish.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NO

   原文定位：The hook’s design allowed it to catch fish by spinning away from the direction of the point and catching their jaws, instead of poking a hole through the fish or by being used as a lever, which some archaeologists also suggested

3. 11 The Maoris catch seabirds by their feet.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：To capture seabirds for food and feathers, like albatross, the islanders used slender hooks which can be differentiated from other hooks intended to catch fish by their lighter build and lack of an inturned point

4. 12 There used to be a demand for Maori fish hooks and many counterfeit ones were produced.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：YES

   原文定位：By the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, tourists and collectors’ demands for Maori artifacts had grown, leading manufacturers to produce large quantities of forged hooks. These replicas were then traded with both Maoris and Europeans to use as forgeries of the real thing

5. 13 Today European style hooks have completely replaced the traditional styles used by the Maoris.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NO

   原文定位：Commercial longline fishermen everywhere have begun using the circle hook design today, one that is nearly the same as the traditional matau in both its appearance and functionality. It seems that the advantages and improved catch rates of this Maori technology have been recognized once more

6. A description of a different type of hooks that are not used to catch fish.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：F

   原文定位：To capture seabirds for food and feathers, like albatross, the islanders used slender hooks which can be differentiated from other hooks intended to catch fish by their lighter build and lack of an inturned point

7. An acknowledgement that Maori design and craftsmanship are still relevant in the modern world.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：A

   原文定位：Commercial longline fishermen everywhere have begun using the circle hook design today, one that is nearly the same as the traditional matau in both its appearance and functionality. It seems that the advantages and improved catch rates of this Maori technology have been recognized once more

8. An investigation into how the hooks functioned so effectively.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：A

   原文定位：The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa did their own recent study on Maori fish hooks two hundred and thirty years later, and were able to demonstrate that the unique hook design was a matter of function. The hook’s design allowed it to catch fish by spinning away from the direction of the point and catching their jaws, instead of poking a hole through the fish or by being used as a lever, which some archaeologists also suggested

9. A description of how modern technology began to dominate and eventually took over from traditional hook construction.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：A

   原文定位：By the end, though, it was only a matter of time before the amount of mass-produced metal European hooks finally overwhelmed the area, highlighting the difficulty of making hooks from nails, horseshoes and other metal objects, and finally the use of the traditional designs fell out of favor

10. A list of raw materials used to construct hooks.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：A

    原文定位：so fishermen made their hooks and fishing gear out of wood, bone, stone and shells. Other plants native to the island of New Zealand, like as flax (harakeke), cabbage tree (ti) and astelia (kiekie) gave the necessary fibrous material to make fishing lines and nets

11. An outline of how different styles of hooks and types of materials were employed to catch larger fish.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：E

    原文定位：To make larger hooks, Maori used shanks made of strong wood, with stout points made of bone or shell;When they wanted to catch larger species like sharks, groper and ling, they used composite hook

12. An account of how the Maori employed new technology and adapted it.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：G

    原文定位：Maori adopted new materials quickly once they became available with European explorers, sealers and whalers who began to arrive towards the end of the 1700s. At this point, the Maori were still making their fish hooks, but now using metals and imported materials

13. 9 The early European settlers quickly understood how the Maori fish hook worked.
    • YES
    • NO
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NO

    原文定位：Early accounts of Europeans who settled and explored New Zealand claimed that Maori hooks;were “odd”, “of doubtful efficacy;William Anderson;commented that the Maori “live chiefly by fishing, making use;of wooden fish hooks pointed with bone, but so oddly made that a stranger is at a loss to know how they can answer such a purpose