Roller coaster: the great fairground attraction

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题目与答案

1. 14_____

   答案：chain

   原文定位：The traditional lifting mechanism is a long length of chain running up the hill under the track

2. 15_____

   答案：gear

   原文定位：The chain is fastened in a loop, which is wound around a gear at the top of the hill and another one at the bottom of the hill

3. 16_____

   答案：motor

   原文定位：The gear at the bottom of the hill is turned by a motor

4. History of Roller Coasters

   Modern roller coasters are descended from 16th-century Russian slides with a surface of 17_____ .

   答案：ice

   原文定位：They consisted of a long, steep, wooden slide covered in ice

   同义替换：「surface of」↔「covered in」

5. People climbed to the top, and travelled down in sleds. In France, because of the higher temperatures, the wooden surface on the slides was 18_____ and 19_____ were attached to the cars to ease the descent.

   答案：waxed|||wheels

   原文定位：For most of the year, the warmer climate would melt the ice, so the French started building waxed slides instead;To help the sleds move down these slides, they added wheels

   同义替换：「higher temperatures」↔「warmer climate」，「wooden surface on the slides was」↔「slides instead」，「attached to」↔「added」，「to ease the descent」↔「help the sleds move down」

6. The first US roller coaster was used for transporting 20_____ down a mountainside in carts.

   答案：coal

   原文定位：The first American roller coaster was built in the mountains of Pennsylvania in the mid-1800s, originally to provide an easy way to send coal to the railway 29km down to mountain

   同义替换：「US」↔「American」，「transporting」↔「send」

7. Initially, these were pulled by mules but in time power was produced by 21_____ .

   答案：steam engines

   原文定位：They were eventually replaced with steam engines, to make the system more efficient

   同义替换：「produced by」↔「replaced with」，「but in time」↔「eventually」

8. 22 The earliest modifications to the basic slide were made in France.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：It seems that the idea was then imported into France. For most of the year, the warmer climate would melt the ice, so the French started building waxed slides instead. To help the sleds move down these slides, they added wheels, and in 1817, for the first time, a train was attached to the track. The French continued to expand on this idea, coming up with more complex track layouts

9. 23 Roller coasters continued to increase in popularity throughout the 1920s and 1930s.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：By the 1920s, roller coasters were in full swing;Following the Great Depression, a decline in roller coaster production began in the early 1930s

10. 24 New roller coaster technology was introduced in the 1970s in response to public demand.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：a second roller-coaster boom in the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s revitalized the amusement park industry, and introduced a slew of innovative tubular steel coasters

11. 25 Roller coasters were less popular for most of the 1980s than in the 1970s and 1990s.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：a second roller-coaster boom in the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s;This was followed by a decline in interest for the rest of the decade

12. 26 The design of roller-coaster rides became more varied in the 1990s.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：but since the early 1990s, the amusement-park industry has experienced another coaster boom of sorts. New launching techniques and other technological developments have opened up a world of options for designers so in some rides you feel as if you are flying