Jethro Tull (1674–1741) – inventor of the seed drill

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题目与答案

1. 1 _____ containing seeds

   答案：hopper

   原文定位：This allowed seed to pass evenly from the hopper above to a funnel below

2. 10 The staff on Tull's farm were unwilling to follow his instructions.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：But by 1701, his frustration with their lack of co-operation prompted him to invent a machine to do the work for him

3. 11 Tull reduced the amount of weeds in his Wheatfield.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：However, it is more likely that it was the turning over and pulverization of the soil that cut down on the volume of weeds competing with the seed

4. 12 Tull lived to see his ideas finally accepted.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Although in his lifetime, Tull’s methods and inventions were dismissed and ridiculed... It was only following the editing of his writings in 1822, and the subsequent translations and acceptance in France, that Tull’s ideas finally achieved recognition in his native land

5. 13 Tull's original book, published in 1731, sold very few copies.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

6. 2 _____ which turns as wheel move

   答案：cylinder

   原文定位：In his device, as the main wheels of the drill turned, the cylinder rotated against a spring-held tongue

7. 3 _____ through which seed passes into channels

   答案：funnel

   原文定位：This allowed seed to pass evenly from the hopper above to a funnel below. From here, the seed was directed at regular intervals into three channels, or furrows, in the earth

8. 4 _____ to distribute earth over seeds

   答案：spikes

   原文定位：Spikes at the back of the machine then turned the soil over to immediately cover the seeds

9. 5 What name was given to the traditional technique of seed-sowing?

   _____

   答案：broadcasting

   原文定位：At that time, seeds were still thrown by hand across the field in a haphazard manner, in a traditional method known as broadcasting

10. 6 What type of agriculture gave Tull inspiration on his second tour of Europe?

    _____

    答案：vine-growing

    原文定位：Following practices he had observed in the vine-growing methods of southern Europe, he used an animal-drawn hoe to turn over and pulverize the earth between the rows

11. 7 What traditional addition to soil did Tull believe to be unnecessary?

    _____

    答案：manure

    原文定位：He wrongly believed this practice would release enough nutrients in the soil to nourish the crop, and so eliminate the need for manure to be used to fertilize the soil

12. 8 What animals did Tull recommend farmers should use to pull their machinery?

    _____

    答案：horses

    原文定位：Tull also advocated the use of horses over the oxen more traditionally used to pull farm machinery

13. 9 Tull was employed in the legal profession before taking up farming.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：However, his health issues forced him to postpone these plans, and after qualifying as a barrister in 1699, he made a tour of Europe... on his return to England, the young Tull married, then began farming with his father at Howberry farm in Oxfordshire