雅思阅读真题（Part 1）
Part 1 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2022.12.8
A During the settlement of New Zealand by European immigrants, natural timbers played a major role. Wood was easily accessible and relatively cheap. A tradition of wooden housed arose, supported by the recognition that they were less likely to collapse suddenly during earthquakes, a not infrequent event in this part of the world. But in addition to demand from the domestic market, there was also a demand for forest products from overseas.
B Early explores recognised the suitability of the tall, straight trunks of the kauri for constructing sailing vessels. The kauri is a species of coniferous tree found only in small areas of the southern hemisphere. So from the early 1800s, huge amounts of this type of wood were sold to Australia and the UK for that purpose. For a period, the forestry industry was the country’s major export earner but the rate of harvest was unsustainable and, by the beginning of the 2O'n century, indigenous timber exports were rapidly declining.
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答案：FALSE
原文定位：A tradition of wooden housed arose, supported by the recognition that they were less likely to collapse suddenly during earthquakes, a not infrequent event in this part of the world
同义替换：「Settlers」↔「immigrants」，「realised」↔「recognition」，「more dangerous」↔「less likely to collapse suddenly」
答案：softwood
原文定位：One competitive advantages that New Zealand has is its ability to source large quantities of softwood from renewable forests
同义替换：「available in large amounts」↔「source large quantities of」
答案：sustainability
原文定位：Consumers in several key wood markets are becoming more worried about sustainability, and the industry is supporting the development of national standards as well as the recognition of these internationally
同义替换：「main customers」↔「Consumers in several key wood markets」，「increasingly concerned about」↔「becoming more worried about」
答案：Scandinavian countries
原文定位：However, New Zealand is not the only country with a planation- style forestry industry. Chile, brazil, Argentina, South Africa and Australia all have extensive plantings of fast growing species ( hardwood and softwood), and in the northern hemisphere, Scandinavian countries have all expanded their forest or controlled their use in the interests of future production
答案：wood substitutes
原文定位：Finally, in addition to completion from other wood producers, New Zealand faces competition from goods such as wood substitutes
同义替换：「compete with」↔「faces competition from」，「group of products」↔「goods」
答案：TRUE
原文定位：Early explores recognised the suitability of the tall, straight trunks of the kauri for constructing sailing vessels. The kauri is a species of coniferous tree found only in small areas of the southern hemisphere. So from the early 1800s, huge amounts of this type of wood were sold to Australia and the UK for that purpose
同义替换：「boat-building」↔「constructing sailing vessels」
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：From the 1940s, newly established plantations of an imported, species of tree called radiate pine supplied timber and other wood products in increasing quantities. By the 1960s, plantation- grown timber was providing most of the the basis of paper;Today, less than two per cent of timber is cut from indigenous forest, and almost ail of that is used for higher- value end uses, such as furniture and fittings
同义替换：「native-forest wood」↔「indigenous forest timber」
答案：FALSE
原文定位：This amazing versatility has encouraged the development of an integrated forest- products industry which is almost unique in the world
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：In New Zealand itself, the construction industry is the principal user of solid wood products, servicing around 20000 new house starts annually. However, the small size of New Zealand's population (just over four million), plus its small manufacturing and remanufacturing base, limit the forestry industry's domestic opportunities. For the last few years local wood consumption has been around only four million cubic metres
答案：TRUE
原文定位：Accordingly, the development of the export market is the key to the industry's growth and contribution to the national economy in decades to come
同义替换：「In future」↔「in decades to come」，「expansion」↔「growth」，「will depend on」↔「is the key to」
答案：shipping costs
原文定位：In 2004, forestry export receipts were about 11 per cent of the country's total export income, their value having increased steadily for ten years, until affected by the exchange fluctuations and shipping costs of recent years
同义替换：「impact on」↔「affected」
答案：export sector
原文定位：The forestry industry is New Zealand's third largest export sector, generating around $ 3.3 billion annually from logs and processed wood products
答案：60000 people
原文定位：The industry claim that given the right conditions, by 2025 the forestry sector could be the country's biggest export earner, generating $20 billion a year and employing 60000 people
同义替换：「workforce」↔「employing」