Leatherback turtles

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题目与答案

1. Until recently, it has been thought that
   • the giant leatherback turtle appeared on a beach in Wales.
   • numbers of Atlantic leatherback turtles are declining.
   • leatherback turtles are mainly resident in warm waters.
   • a leatherback turtle will return to the same breeding site year after year.
   • jellyfish occur in large numbers around the British Isles during certain months.
   • Atlantic leatherback turtles spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters.

   答案：leatherback turtles are mainly resident in warm waters.

   原文定位：The general perception is that leatherback turtles spend most of their time in warm waters

   同义替换：「it has been thought that」↔「general perception」，「are mainly resident」↔「spend most of their time」

2. Houghton's team's research reveals that
   • the giant leatherback turtle appeared on a beach in Wales.
   • numbers of Atlantic leatherback turtles are declining.
   • leatherback turtles are mainly resident in warm waters.
   • a leatherback turtle will return to the same breeding site year after year.
   • jellyfish occur in large numbers around the British Isles during certain months.
   • Atlantic leatherback turtles spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters.

   答案：Atlantic leatherback turtles spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters.

   原文定位：The team's research findings suggest that, contrary to previous assumptions, these giants of the sea habitually frequent northerly latitudes for extended periods;many migrate north from the tropics after breeding, and frequently enter the waters around the British Isles

   同义替换：「reveals」↔「suggest」，「spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters」↔「habitually frequent northerly latitudes for extended periods」

3. Houghton admits that he is unsure why
   • the giant leatherback turtle appeared on a beach in Wales.
   • numbers of Atlantic leatherback turtles are declining.
   • leatherback turtles are mainly resident in warm waters.
   • a leatherback turtle will return to the same breeding site year after year.
   • jellyfish occur in large numbers around the British Isles during certain months.
   • Atlantic leatherback turtles spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters.

   答案：jellyfish occur in large numbers around the British Isles during certain months.

   原文定位：According to Houghton, the exact cause of the jellyfish proliferation is as yet uncertain, though further studies by the project hope to provide an explanation for this seasonal abundance

   同义替换：「unsure」↔「uncertain」，「occur in large numbers」↔「proliferation」，「during certain months」↔「from April to November」

4. Conservationists have had several theories as to why
   • the giant leatherback turtle appeared on a beach in Wales.
   • numbers of Atlantic leatherback turtles are declining.
   • leatherback turtles are mainly resident in warm waters.
   • a leatherback turtle will return to the same breeding site year after year.
   • jellyfish occur in large numbers around the British Isles during certain months.
   • Atlantic leatherback turtles spend a large part of their time in cool northern waters.

   答案：numbers of Atlantic leatherback turtles are declining.

   原文定位：Unusually low numbers of nesting females returning to these locations over the last two decades have prompted conservationists to worry that pollution, fishing, egg-snatching and coastal development were taking their toll on leatherback populations

   同义替换：「have had several theories as to why」↔「worry that pollution, fishing, egg-snatching and coastal development were taking their toll」，「declining」↔「low numbers」

5. 31 The leatherback turtle is thought to be more difficult to study than almost any other marine creature.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Leatherback turtles have patrolled the oceans since dinosaurs roamed the earth, but we know less about their behaviour than that of almost any other marine creature

   同义替换：「more difficult to study」↔「know less about their behaviour」

6. 32 Scientists are only able to observe leatherback turtles at close range during certain times of the year.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Any close encounters invariably take place in summer when females come ashore every three years or so to lay their eggs

   同义替换：「during certain times of the year」↔「take place in summer」

7. 33 The decline in the population of Atlantic leatherback turtles is more advanced than that of their Pacific relatives.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：In the Pacific, as few as 2,300 adult females remain. In 2003, no females turned up at the nesting colony at Terenggu, Malaysia, where 3,000 turtles regularly congregated in the 1960s;Houghton and the team are working to fill the gaping holes in our understanding of Atlantic turtles before these reptiles meet the same fate as their Pacific cousins

   同义替换：「relatives」↔「cousins」

8. 34 Data from satellite transmitters suggests that annual variations in water temperature influence the migratory patterns of leatherback turtles.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：The devices recorded the animal's location, depth and swim speed, plus the water temperature, and sent the information via satellite-receiving stations back to Swansea University in Wales each time the creature surfaced over a two-year period

9. Efforts to Reduce the Impact of Longline Fishing Current measures aim to minimize the bycatch caused by commercial fishing fleets. One strategy involves the use of hooks that are 35_____ in shape.

   答案：circular

   原文定位：There is some positive news, however. Research into the types of hooks and bait placed on long lines suggests that a 'circular' type hook, soon to be tested in Ecuador, could reduce snagging of leatherback turtles by as much as 66 percent

   同义替换：「shape」↔「type」

10. Artificial 36_____ made of fibreglass

    答案：sharks

    原文定位：Other devices, such as placing sharks made of fibreglass near lines

11. or the emission of 37_____ may be used to deter turtles from the area.

    答案：acoustic signals

    原文定位：sending acoustic signals to scare turtles away

    同义替换：「emission」↔「sending」，「deter turtles」↔「scare turtles away」

12. Bait can be made less attractive by using 38_____ .

    答案：blue dye

    原文定位：using blue dye to make bait less appealing

    同义替换：「attractive」↔「appealing」

13. Hooks are positioned at depths below the turtles' 39_____ .

    答案：migratory paths

    原文定位：laying hooks below the level of the migratory paths along which most leatherbacks travel

14. 40 Which of the following would be the most appropriate subtitle for Reading Passage 3?
    • The historical evolution of leatherback turtles since the prehistoric era.
    • A comparative study of nesting habits between Atlantic and Pacific turtles.
    • How new research findings may shift the strategy for Atlantic turtle conservation.
    • The environmental impact of jellyfish proliferation in northern waters.

    答案：How new research findings may shift the strategy for Atlantic turtle conservation.

    原文定位：If the results from the team's ongoing surveys in the Irish Sea corroborate these early findings, conservationists will have to turn their strategy for saving this critically endangered species on its head

    同义替换：「shift」↔「turn」