Pantomime

文章内容（节选）

完整文章请进入机考练习查看。

题目与答案

1. 14 Paragraph A
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：discovering pantomime at a young age

   原文定位：For many British children, their first family trip to see a pantomime in the Christmas holiday season is their introduction to the magic of the theatre

   同义替换：「at a young age」↔「children」，「discovering」↔「their first family trip to see」

2. 15 Paragraph B
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：outdoor performances with a standard set of

   原文定位：These improvised shows took place in streets and marketplaces in Italy and eventually throughout Europe. The key roles in the cast were invariably rich old men;young lovers;and ingenious and quick-witted servants

   同义替换：「outdoor performances」↔「took place in streets and marketplaces」，「a standard set of roles」↔「The key roles in the cast were invariably」

3. 16 Paragraph C
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：a successful merging of artistic sources

   原文定位：Among the most popular performances were harlequinades, a new kind of entertainment which interwove Ovid's first-century Latin poem Metamorphoses with aspects of the Italian commedia. Created by actor John Rich, these early pantomimes cleverly mixed spectacle, music, ballet and myth, and were tremendously enjoyable to watch

   同义替换：「merging」↔「interwove」，「artistic sources」↔「Italian commedia」

4. 17 Paragraph D
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime

   原文定位：Critics bitterly attacked pantomimes;His tactic was to set about changing pantomime's cultural identity, partly by confining shows to his theatre's Christmas season. Pantomimes became associated with the frivolity of the holiday season rather than being denounced as a threat

   同义替换：「negative attitude」↔「Critics bitterly attacked」，「A way of dealing with」↔「tactic」

5. 18 Paragraph E
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues

   原文定位：Grimaldi became one of the great satirists of his age, a character who offered ludicrous commentaries on everything from the ruling classes to fashion, technology and new forms of transport

   同义替换：「political issues」↔「ruling classes」，「focusing on」↔「commentaries」

6. 19 Paragraph F
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：a character who provoked sympathy and amusement

   原文定位：In the Dame, Leno developed a persona whose theatrical power comes from the locking together of compassion and laughter

   同义替换：「sympathy」↔「compassion」，「amusement」↔「laughter」

7. 20 Paragraph G
   • a character who provoked sympathy and amusement
   • outdoor performances with a standard set of
   • pantomime as a means of focusing on political issues
   • discovering pantomime at a young age
   • a way of dealing with a negative attitude toward pantomime
   • an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   答案：an explanation of how a pantomime character appeals to mod audiences

   原文定位：The engaging character of the Dame exemplifies pantomime's self-proclaimed absurdity. Her comical conversations with the audience cut across the boundaries between performers and spectators, drawing us into her chaotic world

   同义替换：「a pantomime character」↔「the Dame」，「appeals to modern audiences」↔「drawing us into her chaotic world」

8. 21 Commedia dell' arte actors used _____ to disguise their real identities.

   答案：masks

   原文定位：Distinctive masks enabled audiences to recognise the people in these stories immediately;they also allowed actors to be rude or disrespectful without fear of being recognised

   同义替换：「disguise their real identities」↔「without fear of being recognised」

9. 22 Harlequinades combined elements of a 16th-century art form with a _____ write centuries earlier.

   答案：poem

   原文定位：Among the most popular performances were harlequinades, a new kind of entertainment which interwove Ovid's first-century Latin poem Metamorphoses with aspects of the Italian commedia

   同义替换：「combined」↔「interwove」，「a 16th-century art form」↔「Italian commedia」，「centuries earlier」↔「first-century Latin poem」

10. 23 In early 19th-century pantomimes, _____ were often victims of the Clown' s act.

    答案：policemen

    原文定位：His anarchic activities included chasing and imprisoning policemen and stealing gigantic quantities of sausages

    同义替换：「the Clown’s act」↔「anarchic activities」，「victims」↔「chased and imprisoned」

11. His performances focused on the situation of the less wealthy sections of society.
    • John Rich
    • David Garrick
    • Joseph Grimaldi
    • Dan Leno

    答案：Dan Leno

    原文定位：Dan Leno was the celebrated performer who created and played this talkative and eccentric working-class woman, a mother facing the difficulties of poverty;At the same time, artists such as Leno began to infuse pantomime with the plots and dilemmas of working people's culture

    同义替换：「performances」↔「shows」，「less wealthy sections of society」↔「working-class」，「focused on the situation」↔「infuse pantomime with the plots and dilemmas」

12. He introduced elements of the supernatural to the pantomime genre.
    • John Rich
    • David Garrick
    • Joseph Grimaldi
    • Dan Leno

    答案：John Rich

    原文定位：Created by actor John Rich, these early pantomimes cleverly mixed spectacle, music, ballet and myth;Amazing transformations happened at the touch of a magic wand, with mechanical serpents and flying vehicles

    同义替换：「introduced elements of the supernatural」↔「magic wand」，「the pantomime genre」↔「harlequinades」

13. His pantomime character was never seen to be punished for his on-stage crimes.
    • John Rich
    • David Garrick
    • Joseph Grimaldi
    • Dan Leno

    答案：Joseph Grimaldi

    原文定位：His anarchic activities included chasing and imprisoning policemen and stealing gigantic quantities of sausages. But the Clown was never caught or sent to jail

    同义替换：「His pantomime character」↔「Grimaldi」，「never seen to be punished」↔「never caught or sent to jail」，「on-stage crimes」↔「chasing and imprisoning policemen」