Clarence birdseye and the development of frozen food

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题目与答案

1. Clarence Birdseye and the Frozen Food Industry

   Early adventures

   · Birdseye grew up hunting and selling animals

   · he left 1_____ for financial reasons

   答案：college

   原文定位：He studied science in college, but had to drop out because tuition was too expensive

   同义替换：「left」↔「drop out」，「financial reasons」↔「tuition was too expensive」

2. 10 Nutritionists and university scientists disagree about whether frozen food is beneficial.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：In fact, while nutritionists today would prefer we eat fresh food grown locally,they acknowledge the value of frozen food. And scientists at the University of Chester in England came to the same conclusion after performing tests on the nutritional value of frozen produce

3. 11 Produce can lose nutrients soon after being picked.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：This is because the minute a fruit or vegetable is harvested, it begins to decay

   同义替换：「picked」↔「harvested」，「soon after」↔「the minute」

4. 12 Most produce that is going to be frozen is picked when it’s perfectly ripe.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：But, as most frozen fruits and vegetables are flash-frozen within hours of their harvest, at their peak of ripeness, this locks in many of the important nutrients

   同义替换：「perfectly ripe」↔「peak of ripeness」，「picked」↔「harvested」

5. 13 Raspberries are among the best sources of vitamin C.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：In one report,the vitamin C content in raspberries frozen for a year was compared to that of unfrozen raspberries stored in a refrigerator for three days. Their levels of vitamin C were nearly the same

6. · his work in Montana was a factor in finding the cause of a widespread 2_____ .

   答案：disease

   原文定位：Eventually, partly as a result of this research, the source of a prevalent disease was isolated

   同义替换：「work」↔「research」，「source」↔「cause」，「prevalent」↔「widespread」

7. · he moved to Labrador, where he bought furs for a New York company

   · he enjoyed the 3_____ of living in such a harsh environment

   答案：challenge

   原文定位：It appeared that Birdseye relished the challenge that came with the cold climate and rugged landscape of Labrador

   同义替换：「enjoyed」↔「relished」，「harsh environment」↔「cold climate and rugged landscape」

8. A better way to freeze food

   · Birdseye realized that the process of freezing and thawing food changed its taste and texture

   · while fishing with the Inuit, he made a 4_____ that could improve frozen food

   答案：discovery

   原文定位：Unwittingly, the young adventurer had made a powerful discovery

9. · in the early 20th century, the quality of frozen food was so poor that even some 5_____ couldn’t serve it

   答案：prisons

   原文定位：In fact, it was even banned in New York State prisons for being beneath the culinary standard of convicts

   同义替换：「couldn’t serve」↔「banned」

10. · Birdseye found that when food was flash-frozen, the 6_____ of the cells were kept intact.

    答案：membranes

    原文定位：A slow freeze allowed ice to form larger crystals that broke the membranes surrounding and protecting each of the cells within the food

11. · taking out bones from whole fish minimized the air content of the packaging.

    · Birdseye also created a new kind of 7_____ and glue for packaging.

    · because supermarkets and kitchens lacked freezers, frozen food was not part of the typical American diet before the late 1940s

    答案：ink

    原文定位：This included inventing a glue for the packaging boxes,to withstand the changes in temperature,as well as a waterproof ink for the labels

    同义替换：「created」↔「inventing」

12. 8 The public today has a positive view of frozen foods.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：In our current age of locally sourced food production, frozen food has fallen out of favor with the public

    同义替换：「today」↔「current」，「positive view」↔「fallen out of favor」

13. 9 Most North Atlantic fish are caught during the summer.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：It extended distribution across the entire country so that fish caught in the North Atlantic could be eaten in distant cities like Denver or Dallas. And produce harvested in summer could be consumed months later