A closer examination of a study on verbal and non-verbal messages

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题目与答案

1. Mehrabian's 1967 study

   Albert Mehrabian and his colleagues carried out an influential study comparing the 27_____ of verbal and non-verbal communication.
   • facial expressions
   • purposes
   • printed words
   • effects
   • word meanings
   • gender differences

   答案：effects

   原文定位：Albert Mehrabian and his colleagues at UCLA in 1967 have been quoted so frequently that they are now often regarded as a self-evident truth;the researchers concluded that 7% of our feeling towards a speaker is based on the actual words they use, 38% on their tone of voice, and 55% on their body language

   同义替换：「verbal and non-verbal communication」↔「feelings and attitudes」

2. This involved two experiments. In both experiments, subjects had to identify the 28_____ being communicated by other people.
   • facial expressions
   • purposes
   • printed words
   • effects
   • word meanings
   • gender differences

   答案：feelings

   原文定位：were asked to guess the emotions in the recorded voice and the photos;had to guess the speaker's emotions

   同义替换：「identify」↔「guess」，「being communicated」↔「emotions」

3. The two main areas focused on in the first experiment were voice tones and 29_____
   • facial expressions
   • purposes
   • printed words
   • effects
   • word meanings
   • gender differences

   答案：facial expressions

   原文定位：In the first experiment;listen to a recording of a female saying the word 'maybe' in three tones of voice;Then shown photos of female faces expressing the same three emotions

4. while the second focused mainly on voice tones and 30_____ .
   • facial expressions
   • purposes
   • printed words
   • effects
   • word meanings
   • gender differences

   答案：word meanings

   原文定位：It was found that tone of voice carried more meaning than the individual words

5. 31 One limitation of the study was that there were too few subjects involved.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：YES

   原文定位：The first is that the entire study involved only 62 subjects;comparing verbal and non-verbal communication—was determined by only the 37 remaining subjects

6. 32 The fact that the subjects in the study came from a similar background was an advantage.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NO

   原文定位：All were female undergraduates who participated as part of their introductory psychology course, and their ages and academic qualifications seem remarkably uniform. Thus, the findings may simply be a product of the nature of the sample

   同义替换：「subjects from a similar background」↔「ages and academic qualifications seem remarkably uniform」，「advantage」↔「findings may simply be a product of the nature of the sample」

7. 33 The two experiments should have been carried out in a different order.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

8. 34 The researchers' choice of a neutral word was helpful in the context of the study.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NO

   原文定位：The researchers intentionally used a "neutral" word so naturally, the subjects found little meaning there. Clearly, such a methodology lacks validity

   同义替换：「choice of a neutral word was helpful」↔「lacks validity」，「in the context of the study」↔「methodology」

9. 35 The study would have been more valid if it had included a range of languages.
   • YES
   • NO
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

10. 36 What does the writer say about the numerical precision of Mehrabian's study?
    • It makes the claims more attractive.
    • It is the strongest point of the study.
    • It will appeal to superstitious people.
    • It allows comparison between languages.

    答案：It makes the claims more attractive.

    原文定位：Clearly, one appealing aspect of the Mehrabian study is its numerical precision

    同义替换：「makes the claims more attractive」↔「one appealing aspect」

11. 37 What does the writer say about the popularity of the 7-38-55 formula?
    • It is unlikely to maintain its present status.
    • It is leading to an undervaluing of language.
    • It should be applied in a more practical way.
    • It may help understanding of non-verbal messages.

    答案：It is leading to an undervaluing of language.

    原文定位：Mehrabian himself believes his research should not be interpreted to devalue the role of language in communication

    同义替换：「leading to an undervaluing of」↔「devalue the role of」

12. 38 What point is Bradley making about language learning?
    • Language could be learned more efficiently than it is.
    • More research is needed into attitudes to communication.
    • More should be spent looking at tone and body language.
    • Language must be important since we make an effort to acquire it.

    答案：Language must be important since we make an effort to acquire it.

    原文定位：If we could communicate 93% of information and attitudes with vocal and facial cues, it would be wasteful to spend time learning a language

    同义替换：「must be important」↔「it would be wasteful to」，「since we make an effort to acquire it」↔「spend time learning a language」

13. 39 What does Mehrabian himself say about his findings?
    • They are relevant to only one area of communication.
    • It is only in maths that 100% of communication is verbal.
    • Feelings are more difficult to communicate than numerical facts.
    • Non-verbal communication is the main part of the message.

    答案：They are relevant to only one area of communication.

    原文定位：Please remember that all my findings dealt with communications of feelings and attitudes

    同义替换：「relevant to only one area」↔「all my findings dealt with」

14. 40 What is the writer's purpose in the paragraph beginning To be fair...?
    • to justify the strong points of Mehrabian's study.
    • to outline other research on non-verbal behaviour.
    • to present varying interpretations of Mehrabian's study.
    • to show that textbooks tend to ignore non-verbal behaviour.

    答案：to present varying interpretations of Mehrabian's study.

    原文定位：many textbook writers attempt to be faithful to the context of Mehrabian's research;Others try to play down the specific percentages;nonetheless, other textbook authors simply use the numbers without placing any limits