# After action review process

- 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4）
- 考频：中频
- 最近考试：2024.3.2/2018.8.25/2014.2.22
- 题目数：10
- 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/8a1faf8c-aa5e-4f94-953b-bb2738706b46（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面）
- 数据更新：2026-10-29

## 题目原文

00:00:00,840 
 You will hear an expert giving a lecture to business students about how to review a project. 
 00:00:07,580 
 First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty. 
 00:01:01,680 
 Now listen carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty. 
 00:01:09,040 
 In the last lecture, we looked at managing a project to completion. Today, we're going to be looking at a way of judging just how successful your project has been. It's called the after action review process. 
 00:01:23,640 
 A typical project review is completed long after the project is finished, and so it's too late to change the outcome. Wouldn't it be better to evaluate it along the way so you can learn from your mistakes at each stage and improve on them? 
 00:01:40,080 
 It was for this reason that the Army devised the after action review process as a way for everyone to learn quickly from experiences in the field. Okay, so what are the benefits of using an after action review? 
 00:01:55,000 
 Firstly, it's not just limited to very large or very formal projects, but is useful for all sorts of things. For example, you may want to use it to debrief following a staff meeting or any other regular operational function. 
 00:02:10,880 
 In the same manner, it's an extremely effective tool to use following a safety incident and can reveal important lessons so that accidents can be avoided in the future. So you can see that this would definitely be a positive step for any business. 
 00:02:27,340 
 An added benefit of the review is that because the focus is on learning, it really improves communication within working groups. 
 00:02:36,600 
 So let's have a look at what an after action review is. 
 00:02:40,800 
 It's a structured session or meeting that does the following: 
 00:02:45,320 
 It focuses on the resulting outcomes and the reasons for these. It encourages active participation among the team, and very importantly, emphasizes how vital it is for the team to trust one another. 
 00:03:04,020 
 Here are some of the key elements to remember for when you're conducting an after action review. 
 00:03:10,000 
 Where possible, it's really good to have an external person to facilitate the process. 
 00:03:16,500 
 This helps to direct the discussion and can also prevent a stronger member of the review from dominating the others. 
 00:03:24,100 
 Make sure that you encourage active involvement. Often, shy members won't say anything, so one way to encourage them to get involved is to ask people to put their comments in writing. If they aren't given the opportunity to do this, they may be intimidated by other members of the group. 
 00:03:43,440 
 Another key element is to be aware of the type of questions you ask. In order to make sure that participants don't search for what they think is the perfect answer, always ask open questions. For example, what would you do differently next time? 
 00:04:02,020 
 Ensure that every member of the team has the chance to speak. 
 00:04:07,620 
 It's also important to make sure you write down the specific recommendations made by everyone. But don't forget to pass this information on to non-participating team leaders so that they too can learn from the experience. 
 00:04:22,700 
 This is how after action reviews contribute to organization-wide learning and improvement. 
 00:04:30,020 
 However, if no one follows up on these recommendations, then the process is wasted. 
 00:04:36,300 
 You should also ensure that the ideas from the after action review are incorporated into your business by organizing staff training around them. 
 00:04:46,860 
 Finally, the last thing you want is to find that you don't get through everything because you've been talking too much, so make sure you keep a constant eye on the time. 
 00:04:57,940 
 An after action review is not something that you should ever plan on conducting in two sessions. 
 00:05:04,480 
 Now, before we go on to look at the next type of project review... 
 00:05:11,620 
 That is the end of part four.

## 题目与答案

### 31. Background A way of evaluating during a project in order to make improvements Develop by the 31_____ .

Background A way of evaluating during a project in order to make improvements Develop by the 31_____ .

**答案**：army

原文定位：It was for this reason that the Army devised the after action review process

同义替换：「Developed」↔「devised」

### 32. Benefits Not just for large projects - can also be used after: · a staff meeting · a 32_____ incident

Benefits Not just for large projects - can also be used after: · a staff meeting · a 32_____ incident

**答案**：safety

原文定位：use it to debrief following a staff meeting or any other regular operational function;In the same manner, it's an extremely effective tool to use following a safety incident and can reveal important lessons so that accidents can be avoided in the future

### 33. Develop better team communication because of the emphasis on 33_____ .

Develop better team communication because of the emphasis on 33_____ .

**答案**：learning

原文定位：An added benefit of the review is that because the focus is on learning, it really improves communication within working groups

同义替换：「emphasis on」↔「focus on」；「develop better」↔「improves」；「team」↔「working groups」

### 34. What is an After Action Review? It`s a meeting that: · concentrates on results and the 34_____ from them

What is an After Action Review? It`s a meeting that: · concentrates on results and the 34_____ from them

**答案**：reasons

原文定位：It focuses on the resulting outcomes and the reasons for these

同义替换：「concentrates on」↔「focuses on」；「results」↔「outcomes」

### 35. · encourages participation · stresses the need to 35_____ each other

· encourages participation · stresses the need to 35_____ each other

**答案**：trust

原文定位：emphasizes how vital it is for the team to trust one another

同义替换：「stresses the need to」↔「emphasizes how vital it is」；「each other」↔「one another」

### 36. Things to remember when conducting an After Action Review Use an external facilitator (so stronger team members cannot dominate) To encourage participation, get the group`s thoughts in 36_____ .

Things to remember when conducting an After Action Review Use an external facilitator (so stronger team members cannot dominate) To encourage participation, get the group`s thoughts in 36_____ .

**答案**：writing

原文定位：one way to encourage them to get involved is to ask people to put their comments in writing

同义替换：「get the group's thoughts」↔「put their comments」

### 37. Remember to use 37_____ questions.

Remember to use 37_____ questions.

**答案**：open

原文定位：always ask open questions

### 38. Give any recommendations to other team 38_____ .

Give any recommendations to other team 38_____ .

**答案**：leaders

原文定位：Don't forget to pass this information on to non-participating team leaders

同义替换：「give recommendations to」↔「pass this information on to」

### 39. Make sure your follow up on ideas and provide. 39_____ for employees

Make sure your follow up on ideas and provide. 39_____ for employees

**答案**：training

原文定位：organizing staff training around them

同义替换：「employees」↔「staff」；「provide」↔「organizing」；「follow up on ideas」↔「incorporate the ideas into business」

### 40. Remember to check the 40_____ often

Remember to check the 40_____ often

**答案**：time

原文定位：make sure you keep a constant eye on the time

同义替换：「often」↔「constant」

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