# Design against crime - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2017.4.8 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/8ad560b4-18f6-4ad0-9e2c-0b5b2ea6938d（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:00,620 Section four. You will hear a design student giving a presentation about how crime can be prevented through improving products and environments. 00:00:12,980 First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty on page seven. 00:01:08,800 Now listen carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty. 00:01:16,800 In my presentation today, I'm going to talk about how we can look at crime prevention in a new way, through designing products and environments so that thieves and other offenders will actually be less likely to commit crimes, either because there are fewer opportunities or fewer inducements. 00:01:36,640 Now, although this is a relatively new concept here in Britain, what we call situational crime prevention started in the USA as early as the nineteen seventies. But it's generally agreed that the need for this approach is growing very rapidly, in particular because of advances in technology, which mean most of us carry around many more things which are temptations to thieves. 00:02:01,340 Nowadays, in a single bag we carry around with us, we may have numerous costly objects and also a lot of personal information which can, with ingenuity, be used or, should I say, abused by criminals. 00:02:18,280 So what can we do to make life easier for ourselves and more difficult for thieves simply by thinking more carefully about design? 00:02:27,660 Well, there are really two areas to consider. 00:02:31,240 Let's look first at the products themselves. 00:02:34,900 If an object can be picked up easily, a simple way to protect it is to place a phone number on it in such a way that it can't be wiped off. That way, the object can't be sold on to an unsuspecting person. 00:02:49,240 Another commonly stolen item is bikes. Increasingly, these have security wires or cables, and when these are cut by a thief trying to get to the bike, a lock snaps into place, which means no one can use it. 00:03:04,820 Historically, of course, the thing most people have wanted to steal is banknotes, and so a lot of ingenious strategies have been developed. For example, if you try to copy a fifty-pound note on a machine, you can't, because the machine has been programmed to detect the security devices in the paper. This idea is also beginning to be adopted by other sectors. 00:03:30,560 In different parts of the world, designers are experimenting with a variety of anti-shoplifting devices. In Japan, for instance, they have invented a ball which can be thrown at thieves escaping from the shop. This contains fluorescent and offensively smelling stuff which sticks to people and can easily be picked up by police dogs. And in the UK, tags are attached to clothing in shops. When the tag is tampered with, ink is released onto the fabric, meaning the stolen items can't be worn or sold on to someone else. All of which makes it much less attractive for thieves to bother stealing the items in the first place. 00:04:14,520 Of course, it can take a while for people to realize the value of anti-crime design. Quite a lot of research has been done to find out about practices and attitudes in business. A questionnaire sent out last year generated a number of valuable findings. 00:04:33,140 Probably the thing that emerged most strongly is that the most powerful driver is when manufacturers recognize that designing products to be crime-resistant is good, profitable business. And it's also the case that products that are properly protected have lower insurance charges. So that's an added incentive. 00:04:58,010 Let's turn now to the way environments can be designed to prevent crime. 00:05:03,740 Studies have shown that there are certain places which are particularly susceptible. Bus stops are notoriously bad, as is any form of transport depot. We may not be able to remove the threat entirely, but we can improve the situation in these environments by recognizing certain problematic architectural design features, such as bad lighting. This is something which can be tackled relatively easily, of course. 00:05:32,460 Another thing which makes problems worse is having areas like corners in which people cannot easily be seen. 00:05:40,880 Retail spaces, such as shops, are also obvious places where crime is rife. But research has shown that there are quite simple ways to make life difficult for shoplifters. 00:05:53,280 The best way is to place- 00:05:58,720 That is the end of section four. 00:06:01,620 You now have half a minute to check your answers. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. Design against crime Background ·USA in the 1970s: Situational Crime Prevention movement ·problems are made worse by developments in 31_____ Design against crime Background ·USA in the 1970s: Situational Crime Prevention movement ·problems are made worse by developments in 31_____ **答案**：technology 原文定位：in particular because of advances in technology, which mean most of us carry around many more things which are temptations to thieves 同义替换：「developments」↔「advances」 ### 32. ·nowadays, one bag often holds lots of expensive items and 32_____ ·nowadays, one bag often holds lots of expensive items and 32_____ **答案**：personal information 原文定位：Nowadays, in a single bag we carry around with us, we may have numerous costly objects and also a lot of personal information which can, with ingenuity, be used or, should I say, abused by criminals 同义替换：「one」↔「single」；「lots of expensive items」↔「numerous costly objects」 ### 33. Products portable objects- put a non-removable 33_____ on the product Products portable objects- put a non-removable 33_____ on the product **答案**：phone number 原文定位：If an object can be picked up easily, a simple way to protect it is to place a phone number on it in such a way that it can't be wiped off 同义替换：「portable」↔「can be picked up easily」；「non-removable」↔「can't be wiped off」 ### 34. bikes-cutting the cable activates a 34_____ bikes-cutting the cable activates a 34_____ **答案**：lock 原文定位：Another commonly stolen item is bikes. Increasingly, these have security wires or cables, and when these are cut by a thief trying to get to the bike, a lock snaps into place, which means no one can use it 同义替换：「cutting the cable」↔「these security wires or cables are cut」；「activates」↔「snaps into place」 ### 35. bank notes -designed so you can't copy them Japan-a 35_____ is used to throw at shoplifters bank notes -designed so you can't copy them Japan-a 35_____ is used to throw at shoplifters **答案**：ball 原文定位：In Japan, for instance, they have invented a ball which can be thrown at thieves escaping from the shop 同义替换：「shoplifters」↔「thieves」 ### 36. Tags-release 36_____ when forced off Tags-release 36_____ when forced off **答案**：ink 原文定位：And in the UK, tags are attached to clothing in shops. When the tag is tampered with, ink is released onto the fabric 同义替换：「when forced off」↔「when the tag is tampered with」 ### 37. properly designed products help lower 37_____ costs properly designed products help lower 37_____ costs **答案**：insurance 原文定位：And it's also the case that products that are properly protected have lower insurance charges 同义替换：「costs」↔「charges」 ### 38. Environments the worst places are 38_____ and transport depots Environments the worst places are 38_____ and transport depots **答案**：bus stops 原文定位：Studies have shown that there are certain places which are particularly susceptible. Bus stops are notoriously bad, as is any form of transport depot 同义替换：「worst places」↔「notoriously bad」 ### 39. problems in such environments are usually made worse by poor architectural design, e.g - poor 39_____ problems in such environments are usually made worse by poor architectural design, e.g - poor 39_____ **答案**：lighting 原文定位：problematic architectural design features, such as bad lighting 同义替换：「poor」↔「problematic」 ### 40. - places such as 40_____ where people can hide - places such as 40_____ where people can hide **答案**：corners 原文定位：Another thing which makes problems worse is having areas like corners in which people cannot easily be seen 同义替换：「hide」↔「cannot easily be seen」；「places such as」↔「areas like」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。