雅思阅读真题（Part 1）

Nanotechnology: the science of the very small

Part 1 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2018.3.15

文章内容（节选）

A 

Nanoscience and nanotechnology have become very fashionable in recent times. Their prominence has inspired science fiction and raised a lot of hope and hype about the possibilities. But what exactly is nanotechnology? Most definitions agree that it is the manufacture of structures that measure up to 100 nanometres (nm). The diameter of an atom is typically only two or three tenths of a nanometre while that of the human hair is around 1,000,000 nm. Essentially, we are now able to build new structures from atoms and molecules as if we were using the bricks of a children’s construction toy.

 

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题目与答案

  1. Nanotechnology
    In the same way that a child may use 1_____, scientists are now able to create new structures by combining the smallest particles known to man.

    答案：bricks

    原文定位：Essentially, we are now able to build new structures from atoms and molecules as if we were using the bricks of a children’s construction toy

    同义替换：「create」↔「build」，「combining the smallest particles」↔「from atoms and molecules」

  2. Which TWO of the following statements does the writer make about nanotechnology and energy resources?
    • Nanotechnology means that solar energy will replace fossil fuel energy.
    • We have made solar batteries for the first time by applying nanotechnology.
    • Further research is needed to turn nanotechnology into practical energy solutions.
    • Nanotechnology is being used to remove dangerous gases from the atmosphere.
    • Nanotechnology has helped create cheaper sources of energy.

    答案：Further research is needed to turn nanotechnology into practical energy solutions.,Nanotechnology is being used to remove dangerous gases from the atmosphere.

    原文定位：The recent growth in climate change awareness calls a range of things into question. Can we use energy more effectively? Can we reduce the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? Can we use and purify water more effectively? Can healthcare be improved? Nanotechnology may very well provide the solutions

    同义替换：「reduce carbon dioxide」↔「remove dangerous gases」，「may provide solutions」↔「need further research for practical energy solutions」

  3. In which TWO ways does the writer think nanotechnology could improve food production?
    • by enabling crops to grow faster
    • by keeping food fresh for longer
    • by making food tastier
    • by protecting food from insects better
    • by increasing the variety of food

    答案：by keeping food fresh for longer,by protecting food from insects better

    原文定位：it is even more important to ask questions about how nanotechnology might increase the nutritious yield of food and be adapted to help preserve and package food;better delivery of pesticides in the field and better extraction of protein and carbohydrates

    同义替换：「keeping food fresh for longer」↔「preserve and package food」，「protecting food from insects better」↔「better delivery of pesticides」

  4. We can fully appreciate the microscopic scale of this work by comparing the exact 2_____ of one atom with that of a single human hair.

    答案：diameter

    原文定位：The diameter of an atom is typically only two or three tenths of a nanometre while that of the human hair is around 1,000,000 nm

    同义替换：「comparing」↔「while」

  5. A lot of today’s electronic consumer goods, such as lasers, have components that are microscopic in size. They are not the only products relying on nanotechnology. For example, a long-lasting 3_____, widely available today, relies on minute nanoparticles for its effectiveness. This was developed in the 1990s as a result of concerns about the safety of existing products.

    答案：sunscreen

    原文定位：One of these is sunscreen. In the 1990s there were safety issues with many of the sunscreen products available, so scientists at Oxford University set about finding a solution. The product they developed uses nanoparticles of titanium dioxide that are doped with the element manganes;it is effective for much longer than many of the traditional preparations

    同义替换：「long-lasting」↔「effective for much longer」，「relies on minute nanoparticles for its effectiveness」↔「uses nanoparticles」，「concerns about」↔「issues with」

  6. a comparison between two of the world’s vital natural resources
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：E

    原文定位：Water purification is increasingly challenging and many believe that water, which we take for granted, is going to become more valuable than oil

    同义替换：「the world’s vital」↔「more valuable」

  7. a mention of how nanotechnology could be dangerous for humans
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：F

    原文定位：There are concerns that potentially harmful nano-products might enter the body via the gut

    同义替换：「dangerous」↔「harmful」，「for humans」↔「enter the body」

  8. a claim that nanotechnology has influenced modern authors
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：A

    原文定位：Their prominence has inspired science fiction and raised a lot of hope and hype about the possibilities

    同义替换：「influenced」↔「inspired」

  9. a reference to the fact that nanotechnology is achieving more than was anticipated a decade ago
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：G

    原文定位：Healthcare is an area where the application of nanotechnology is already exceeding the expectations of ten years ago

    同义替换：「anticipated」↔「expectations」，「decade」↔「ten years」

  10. a suggestion that nanotechnology could provide financial as well as ecological benefits
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：H

    原文定位：Nanotechnology is a life-changing technology, making the quality of life better, enabling us to make use of our resources more effectively, thereby protecting our environment, and creating new business opportunities

    同义替换：「financial benefits」↔「creating new business opportunities」，「ecological benefits」↔「protecting our environment」，「as well as」↔「and」

  11. 本题暂无
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：A

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