雅思阅读真题（Part 2）
Part 2 · 最近考试：2024.05.18
A
Fifty-six million prescriptions for sleeping medication were handed out by doctors in America last year. Yet remarkably little is being done to understand insomnia's root causes. Socially and economically, the under-treatment of sleeplessness is hugely expensive. The Institute of Medicine, an independent scientific advisory group, estimates nearly 20 percent of all major accidents on the road are associated with driver sleepiness. The loss in terms of productivity within the workplace is even higher, costing billions. Then there are the softer costs which remain unmeasured but still exist; for example, the damaged relationships with others. If other medical problems were causing such widespread harm, governments would act, but US authorities contribute only about $230 million a year for the funding of sleep research, comparable to the amount that the manufacturers of popular sleeping pills spent in three months on advertising. Currently most medical school students get no more than four hours of training on sleep disorders; some get none.
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答案：prescriptions
原文定位：Fifty‑six million prescriptions for sleeping medication were handed out by doctors in America last year
同义替换：「USA」↔「America」，「insomnia」↔「insomnia」
答案：accidents
原文定位：The Institute of Medicine, an independent scientific advisory group, estimates nearly 20 percent of all major accidents on the road are associated with driver sleepiness
同义替换：「linked to」↔「associated with」，「traffic」↔「on the road」
答案：productivity
原文定位：The loss in terms of productivity within the workplace is even higher, costing billions
同义替换：「workplace」↔「workplace」，「reduced」↔「loss」
答案：training
原文定位：Currently most medical school students get no more than four hours of training on sleep disorders; some get none
同义替换：「medical school」↔「medical school」，「sleep disorders」↔「sleep disorders」，「inadequate」↔「no more than four hours」
答案：H
原文定位：Acupuncture may help. It has long had this role in Asian medicine and is being studied at the University of Pittsburgh sleep center now. Typically in the US, insomnia is treated in two ways
答案：E
原文定位：Some researchers have found that sleep deprivation impedes wound healing in rats, and others have suggested that sleep helps boost the immune system and control infection
同义替换：「health benefits」↔「wound healing」
答案：C
原文定位：They found that those who had engaged in REM sleep subsequently performed better in pattern recognition tasks, such as grammar, while those who slept deeply were better at memorization
同义替换：「mental effects」↔「better at memorization」
答案：B
原文定位：We know that all mammals sleep, and that there are some insects and reptiles that only half sleep, in order to remain aware of their environment and predators
同义替换：「reasons」↔「in order to」
答案：D
原文定位：His study showed that the sleeping brain seems to delete redundant or unnecessary synapses or connections. So the purpose of sleep may be to help us remember what's important, by letting us forget what's not
同义替换：「remove」↔「delete」，「unnecessary information」↔「redundant or unnecessary synapses or connections」
答案：G
原文定位：When the brain realizes it is not getting oxygen, it sends a signal to the body to wake up. The sleeper awakes, inhales, and sleep returns
同义替换：「brain response」↔「sends a signal to the body to wake up」
答案：William Dement
原文定位：As far as I know,' he said, 'the only reason we need to sleep that is really, really solid is because we get sleepy
同义替换：「physical signals」↔「we get sleepy」
答案：Clete Kushida
原文定位：However, Clete Kushida, the clinic director, told me he can spot most people's sleep problems right at the intake interview
同义替换：「identified」↔「spot」，「quickly」↔「right at the intake interview」
答案：John Winkelman
原文定位：Some people continue in my experience to struggle,' says John Winkelman, another sleep center director. 'They're not super-satisfied with their sleep
同义替换：「not always ensure satisfactory sleep」↔「not super‑satisfied with their sleep」