The history of pencil

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题目与答案

1. Graphite was found under a 1_____ in Borrowdale,

   答案：tree

   原文定位：Graphite,the main material for producing pencil,was discovered in 1564 in Borrowdale in England when a lightning struck a local tree during a thunder.Local people found out that the black substance spotted at the root of the unlucky tree was different from burning ash of wood

   同义替换：「found」↔「discovered」，「under」↔「at the root of」，「Borrowdale」↔「Borrowdale」

2. 10 Graphite makes a pencil harder and sharper.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：This mixture is important because the amount of clay content added to the graphite depends on the intended pencil hardness;The more clay you put in,the higher hardness the core has

   同义替换：「makes a pencil harder」↔「higher hardness」，「sharper」↔「」

3. 11 In Britain, pencils are not produced any more.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：In England, pencils continue to be made from whole sawn graphite

   同义替换：「Britain」↔「England」，「not produced any more」↔「continue to be made」

4. 12 American astronauts did not use pencil in outer space.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：But it is also a fact that their counterparts in the United States used pencils in the outer space before real zero gravity pencil was invented.They preferred mechanical pencils

   同义替换：「American astronauts」↔「their counterparts in the United States」，「outer space」↔「outer space」，「did not」↔「」

5. 13 Pencils are unlikely to be used in the future.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Against the backcloth of a digitalized world, the prospect of pencils seems bleak. In reality,it does not. A spectrum of users are likely to continue to use it into the future;The possibilities seem limitless

   同义替换：「unlikely to be used」↔「likely to continue to use」

6. it was dirty to use because it was 2_____ .

   答案：soft

   原文定位：It was soft, thus left marks everywhere

   同义替换：「it was dirty to use」↔「left marks everywhere」，「because」↔「thus」

7. Ancient people used graphite to sign 3_____ .

   答案：sheep

   原文定位：It was soon put to use by locals in marking their sheep for ownership and calculation

   同义替换：「sign」↔「marking」，「used」↔「put to use」

8. People found graphite 4_____ in Britain.

   答案：mines

   原文定位：Britain turns out to be major country where mines of graphite can be detected and developed

   同义替换：「found」↔「detected」，「graphite」↔「graphite」，「Britain」↔「Britain」

9. The first pencil was graphite wrapped in 5_____ or animal skin.

   答案：string

   原文定位：In Italy, graphite sticks were initially wrapped in string or sheepskin for stability, becoming perhaps the very first pencil in the world

   同义替换：「The first pencil」↔「the very first pencil in the world」，「graphite wrapped in」↔「graphite sticks were initially wrapped in」，「animal skin」↔「sheepskin」

10. Since graphite was too smooth, 6_____ was added to make it harder.

    答案：clay

    原文定位：This mixture is important because the amount of clay content added to the graphite depends on the intended pencil hardness;The more clay you put in,the higher hardness the core has

    同义替换：「make it harder」↔「the higher hardness the core has」

11. Russian astronauts preferred 7_____ pencils to write in the outer space.

    答案：grease

    原文定位：It is widely known that astronauts in Russia used grease pencils,which don’t have breakage problem

    同义替换：「Russian astronauts」↔「astronauts in Russia」，「outer space」↔「outer space」，「preferred」↔「used」，「pencils to write」↔「grease pencils」

12. 8 Italy is probably the first country of the whole world to make pencils.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：In Italy,graphite sticks were initially wrapped in string or sheepskin for stability, becoming perhaps the very first pencil in the world. Then around 1560,an Italian couple made what are likely the first blueprints for the modern, wood- encased carpentry pencil

    同义替换：「the first country of the whole world to make pencils」↔「the very first pencil in the world」，「Italy」↔「Italy」，「probably」↔「perhaps」

13. 9 Germany used various kinds of wood to make pencils.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：Shortly thereafter in 1662,a superior technique was discovered by German people: two wooden halves were carved,a graphite stick inserted, and the halves then glued together-essentially the same method in use to this day

    同义替换：「Germany」↔「German」，「used various kinds of wood」↔「」