New filter promises clean water for millions

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题目与答案

1. Step-by-step Guide to Making Flynn's Water Filters

   Make the mixture for the filter from organic material(e.g. coffee, rice), _____ and _____ .

   ↓

   答案：clay|||water

   原文定位：Take a handful of clay, mix it with a handful of organic material such as used tea leaves, coffee grounds or rice hulls, add water in a sufficient quantity to make a stiff mixture

2. Shape into pots and place them in a fire made from _____ and _____ .

   ↓

   答案：straw|||cow manure

   原文定位：Next, surround the pots with straw, put them in a mound of cow manure, light the straw and then top up the burning manure as required

   同义替换：「Shape into」↔「surround」，「place」↔「put」

3. Fuel the fire to reach a maximum temperature of _____ .

   ↓

   答案：950 degrees

   原文定位：The properties of cow manure are vital, as the fuel can reach a temperature of 700 degrees in half an hour, and will be up to 950 degrees after another 20 to 30 minutes

   同义替换：「maximum」↔「up to」

4. Remove the filters from the fire.

   ↓

   Bake the filters in the fire for a maximum period of _____ .

   答案：60 minutes

   原文定位：The filters are finished in 45 to 60 minutes

   同义替换：「bake the filters」↔「filters are finished」

5. 20 The clay in the Manatuto project was initially unsuitable for the project`s purpose.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：initial research found the local clay to be too fine

   同义替换：「unsuitable」↔「too fine」

6. 21 Coffee grounds produce filters that are twice as efficient as those using other organic materials.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：According to Flynn, used coffee grounds have given the best results to date

7. 22 It takes half an hour for a cow-manure fire to reach 950 degree.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：The properties of cow manure are vital, as the fuel can reach a temperature of 700 degrees in half an hour, and will be up to 950 degrees after another 20 to 30 minutes

8. 23 E-coli is the most difficult bacterium to remove from water by filtration.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：Tests with the deadly E-coli bacterium have seen the filters remove 96.4 to 99.8 per cent of the pathogen

9. 24 The Manatuto project aimed to set up a
   • charitable trust
   • filtration experiment
   • water filter factory
   • community kiln

   答案：filtration experiment

   原文定位：A charity operating there wanted to help set up a small industrial site manufacturing water filters

   同义替换：「a small industrial site manufacturing」↔「factory」

10. 25 To be effective,the Flynn filters must
    • remove ail dangerous pathogens
    • be a particular thickness
    • filter water as quickly as possible
    • be made from 100 percent clay

    答案：be a particular thickness

    原文定位：The thickness of the clay container needs to be the same thickness as an adult finger for the process to be effective

    同义替换：「To be effective」↔「for the process to be effective」，「must」↔「needs to be」，「the same thickness as an adult finger」↔「be a particular thickness」

11. 26 Flynn does not intend to patent his filter because he
    • wants it be freely available
    • has produced a very simple design
    • cannot make a profit in poor countries
    • has already given the idea to a charity

    答案：wants it be freely available

    原文定位：He has no plans to exploit his idea financially by registering ownership through a patent. If he did, any commercial copying would legally entitle him to a share in any profits made. Without a patent,there will be no illegality in it being adopted in any community that needs it.‘Everyone has a right to clean water

    同义替换：「does not」↔「no plans to」，「intend to」↔「register ownership through」