# Impact of cars in Australia(1940s - 1990s) - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2023.12.30/2022.5.28/2016.9.10/2013.12.14/2011.3.10/2009.3.7/2008.1.30 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/b8a58308-6fb6-4acf-b2b0-82e76eced679（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:00,440 You will hear a lecture on the influence of the car on urban development. 00:00:06,060 First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty. 00:00:22,120 Now listen carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty. 00:01:06,580 Good morning, everyone. Today, in this second lecture of the series, we turn our attention to transportation. In particular, we're going to take a look at the way the motor car influenced urban development in Australia and changed our lifestyle from the nineteen-forties to the end of the nineteen-nineties. 00:01:25,800 The car is so common nowadays that we all take it for granted, and we barely think about the major effect it has had on our society. But let's go back for a while to the late nineteen-forties. Although they had been around since the start of the twentieth century, only one person in eight owned a car in Australia's major cities at that time. Nearly sixty percent of journeys were still made by various means of public transport, and only fifteen percent by car, which is clearly very few compared to statistics now. 00:01:59,810 Buses were very crowded in the days before extensive car use, and they were also considered to be uncomfortable despite providing a cheap option that most people could afford. 00:02:11,500 Remember, this wasn't long after the Second World War. People were tired of living without things, of making do, and to them, cars represented freedom. But even for the wealthy few who did have vehicles, it wasn't easy to run a car at this time. As well as the expense of buying a car, spare parts were difficult to get as many were imported. Another problem for car owners was that fuel was still rationed and car taxes were very high. 00:02:42,620 Strong public feeling on issues like these from various pressure groups resulted in a change of government in Australia after the general election in 1949, which undoubtedly shaped the future of our nation. 00:03:00,920 In the nineteen-sixties, cheaper, more reliable cars became available, and this coincided with the rapid expansion of the suburbs. The car enabled these to grow in all directions, far beyond the train lines laid down in the nineteenth century. For the previous one hundred and fifty years, the city center had been a prestigious area, but the addition of cars made the main streets congested. This wasn't the only problem. Now they were polluted as well. Since these streets were usually straight, they tempted motorists to speed. So the layout of newer streets was affected by this change towards private transport. In the newer areas, roads were no longer built straight. Instead, they had curves that were specially designed to force drivers to slow down. This meant they were longer, but this was not a problem because people rarely walked anymore. 00:03:58,100 By the nineteen-seventies, the type of roads being built changed, with more lanes in each direction. There were more commuters because now there was faster access to the city where they worked. 00:04:11,000 By this time, the motor car was affecting many different areas of life. It even, surprisingly, affected relationships. Before this, meeting anyone who lived beyond walking or cycling distance was impractical, if not impossible. The car brought people together. 00:04:30,200 What other effects did the car have? The increase in car use changed the way we advertise. Previously, advertisements had been designed to attract slow-moving pedestrians, so they were located at eye level and designed on a human scale. By the late nineteen-seventies, massive advertisements were designed to attract the notice of the passing motorist. 00:04:54,440 In the nineteen-eighties and nineties, even the location of shops began to change. We built shopping malls out in the suburbs, which meant that old town centers did far less business. Next, we saw the development of drive-in shopping centers, theaters, and even restaurants, which now ensure we get out of our cars as little as possible. Now, I'd like to turn your attention to a few statistics related to car ownership over the same period. 00:05:25,540 That is the end of part four. You now have one minute to check your answers to Part four. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. 1940s ·One person in eight owned a car ·31_____ transport was used for 60% of journeys. 1940s ·One person in eight owned a car ·31_____ transport was used for 60% of journeys. **答案**：public 原文定位：Nearly sixty percent of journeys were still made by various means of public transport 同义替换：「used for」↔「made by」 ### 32. Buses: Problems crowed and 32_____ . Buses: Problems crowed and 32_____ . **答案**：uncomfortable 原文定位：Buses were very crowded in the days before extensive car use, and they were also considered to be uncomfortable despite providing a cheap option that most people could afford 同义替换：「affordable」↔「cheap option」 ### 33. Advantage affordable Cars were associated with 33_____ . Advantage affordable Cars were associated with 33_____ . **答案**：freedom 原文定位：To them, cars represented freedom 同义替换：「associated with」↔「represented」 ### 34. Problems of car ownership a)cost b)many spare parts were imported c)restrictions on fuel d)high 34_____ on cars Problems of car ownership a)cost b)many spare parts were imported c)restrictions on fuel d)high 34_____ on cars **答案**：taxes 原文定位：Another problem for car owners was that fuel was still rationed and car taxes were very high 同义替换：「restrictions」↔「rationed」 ### 35. Result of pressure from motorists - new 35_____ in Australia in 1949 Result of pressure from motorists - new 35_____ in Australia in 1949 **答案**：government 原文定位：Strong public feeling on issues like these from various pressure groups resulted in a change of government in Australia after the general election in 1949, which undoubtedly shaped the future of our nation 同义替换：「motorists」↔「groups」；「new」↔「change」 ### 36. 1960s ·Cars were cheaper and more reliable ·More people lived in the suburbs ·Main streets were congested and 36_____ (and usually straight) ·New streets were built with curves to make drivers slow down 1960s ·Cars were cheaper and more reliable ·More people lived in the suburbs ·Main streets were congested and 36_____ (and usually straight) ·New streets were built with curves to make drivers slow down **答案**：polluted 原文定位：For the previous one hundred and fifty years, the city center had been a prestigious area, but the addition of cars made the main streets congested. This wasn't the only problem. Now they were polluted as well ### 37. 1970s · Roads had more 37_____ . 1970s · Roads had more 37_____ . **答案**：lanes 原文定位：By the nineteen-seventies, the type of roads being built changed, with more lanes in each direction ### 38. · More commuters · Cars use affected the 38_____ between people. · More commuters · Cars use affected the 38_____ between people. **答案**：relationship 原文定位：It even, surprisingly, affected relationships ### 39. · More commuters · Cars use affected the 39_____ were designed to attract motorists. · More commuters · Cars use affected the 39_____ were designed to attract motorists. **答案**：advertisements 原文定位：By the late nineteen-seventies, massive advertisements were designed to attract the notice of the passing motorist ### 40. 1980s and 1990s ·Less business in town centers because of introduction of 40_____ . 1980s and 1990s ·Less business in town centers because of introduction of 40_____ . **答案**：shopping malls 原文定位：We built shopping malls out in the suburbs, which meant that old town centers did far less business --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。