The Material of the Future

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题目与答案

1. Fungus research and design

   Eben Bayer

   ·started working with mycelium when he was at school

   ·the most popular mycelium product his company makes is a type of 1_____ .

   答案：packaging

   原文定位：Now their best-selling mycelium product is used as packaging for fragile goods and buildings

   同义替换：「most popular」↔「best-selling」

2. 10 Montalti says that most people realise fungus-based products are clean.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：In his opinion, people became overly concerned with hygiene and germs in the home in the 20th century, and now associate fungus with dirt and infection. Many people still have negative ideas about fungus

3. 11 Montalti plans to supply supermarkets with bags made out of mycelium.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

4. 12 Montalti and Wosten have already received orders for architectural products made of mycelium.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：In addition to household products, Montalti and Wösten are also working on producing architectural materials, such as wall panels and insulation. They are aiming that, for all aspects of a construction project, mycelium could replace many of the traditional materials such as concrete and foam. One project involves going to remodel a youth centre, where they are replacing the walls with smaller pieces of fungus panels

   同义替换：「products」↔「materials」

5. 13 Wosten predicts that fungus will entirely replace plastic and brick in construction work.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：They are aiming that, for all aspects of a construction project, mycelium could replace many of the traditional materials such as concrete and foam

   同义替换：「work」↔「project」

6. Maurizio Montalti and Han Wosten

   ·as a design student, Montalti wanted to find a natural material that was highly 2_____ .

   答案：sustainable

   原文定位：This, he believed, would always be a waste of resources. Instead, he worked with a substance that would be truly sustainable

   同义替换：「material」↔「substance」，「highly」↔「truly」

7. ·Montalti and Wosten teamed up and started growing fungus in a laboratory

   ·they mainly use oyster mushrooms as these are not toxic

   ·oyster mushrooms grow particularly well in 3_____ .

   答案：straw

   原文定位：The thread-like roots of the oyster mushrooms are safe both to eat and to make into organic materials, with straw products

8. ·after the mycelium has been moulded into the desired shape, it is placed into a special 4_____ .

   答案：oven

   原文定位：The finished object is fired in an oven to stop further growth

   同义替换：「after the mycelium has been moulded into the desired shape」↔「finished object」

9. Amsterdam exhibition

   ·museum visitors can see many fungus-based products, like items of furniture, vases and 5_____ .

   答案：cups

   原文定位：Called A Mycelium, the exhibition includes an array of everyday objects they’ve created, including chairs, tables, cups and bowls

   同义替换：「fungus-based products」↔「everyday objects they’ve created」

10. ·visitors are surprised by how 6_____ the products are.

    答案：light

    原文定位：It’s the fact that the items are so light, however, that visitors say they didn’t expect

    同义替换：「are surprised by」↔「didn’t expect」

11. Advantages of using fungus-based products

    ·products made from fungus are completely waterproof so they can be used outside

    ·when a product made of fungus is thrown away, it can supply the environment with some 7_____ .

    答案：ecosystem

    原文定位：Furthermore, mycelium products are not harmful and once they are disposed of, they will decompose naturally into the ecosystem

    同义替换：「thrown away」↔「disposed of」，「environment」↔「ecosystem」

12. 8 The bowls that Montalti created from fungus in 2012 have remained in good condition.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：As an example, Montalti points to some of his earliest creations from 2012, including a series of bowls. These initial objects have stayed in his studio, retained their firmness and remained solid

    同义替换：「remained in good condition」↔「retained their firmness and remained solid」

13. 9 Montalti and Wosten believe that a protective coating might be beneficial to their fungus products.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：Currently, the pair are trying to create a protective coating that would be applied to the surface of the objects near the end of production, in the hope that it could delay the process of decay