Sea change for salinity

文章内容（节选）

完整文章请进入机考练习查看。

题目与答案

1. A prediction of the future risk of salt to water supplies.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：E

   原文定位：At present rates it is predicted that, by 2050;the waters of Australia's Murray River will regularly exceed the World Health Organisation's salt limits for drinking water

   同义替换：「water supplies 」↔「drinking water」

2. The reason why technologies must be combined to be effective.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：H

   原文定位：Individually, these technologies only gave clues to what was going on underground. Together they provide a far more revealing picture of the subsurface landscape

   同义替换：「combined」↔「together」，「to be effective」↔「far more revealing picture」，「reason why」↔「Individually, these technologies only gave」

3. A reference to the recent improvements in the accuracy of airborne electromagnetics.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：B

   原文定位：The use of airborne electromagnetic to detect salt hidden beneath the landscape has been around for a decade, but the past two years have seen a major development in its precision and powers of detection

   同义替换：「recent improvements」↔「past two years have seen a major development」，「accuracy」↔「precision」

4. The organization of concerned farmers into an official body.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：C

   原文定位：By the late 1970s, Howell and his fellow farmers had decided it was time for action and established a government;funded "Landcare' group in a bid to save Australia's farmland;

   同义替换：「organization」↔「established」，「official body」↔「government-funded group」

5. The estimated length of time salinity is likely to be a problem.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：E

   原文定位：Defeating this assault may take centuries, not decades

   同义替换：「estimated length of time」↔「take centuries」，「salinity is likely to be a problem」↔「defeating this assault」

6. A summary of stages in a proposed plan of action to combat the salt problem.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：H

   原文定位：One of the biggest advances in detection;has come with the integration of different techniques;Together they provide a far more revealing picture of the subsurface landscape

   同义替换：「stages in a proposed plan」↔「integration of different techniques」，「combat the salt problem」↔「revealing subsurface landscape」，「summary」↔「provide a far more revealing picture」

7. The possibility that current re-vegetation practices are a waste of time.
   • A
   • B
   • C
   • D
   • E
   • F

   答案：B

   原文定位：Unless this process is clearly understood;the hard work now underway of planning and tree-planting on the surface may be rendered ineffective

   同义替换：「current re-vegetation practices」↔「tree-planting on the surface」，「a waste of time」↔「rendered ineffective」，「possibility」↔「may」

8. Electromagnetic surveys
   • Can help farmers choose the best location for plants.
   • Can show the composition of the top layer of the ground.
   • Can detect how far below ground the salt is.
   • Can determine how old the salt is in a particular area.

   答案：Can show the composition of the top layer of the ground.

   原文定位：Electromagnetic surveys measure the electrical conductivity of soil to reveal the distribution of salt and the nature and variability of the regolith - the weathered rock and sediment that may lie above the bedrock

   同义替换：「show the composition」↔「reveal the distribution of salt and the nature and variability」，「top layer of the ground」↔「regolith」

9. Radiometric analysis
   • Can help farmers choose the best location for plants.
   • Can show the composition of the top layer of the ground.
   • Can detect how far below ground the salt is.
   • Can determine how old the salt is in a particular area.

   答案：Can help farmers choose the best location for plants.

   原文定位：Radiometric analysis;help determine where to plant particular crop species to tackle the problem

   同义替换：「help farmers choose the best location for plants」↔「determine where to plant particular crop species」

10. Airborne electromagnetics
    • Can help farmers choose the best location for plants.
    • Can show the composition of the top layer of the ground.
    • Can detect how far below ground the salt is.
    • Can determine how old the salt is in a particular area.

    答案：Can detect how far below ground the salt is.

    原文定位：Advanced airborne electromagnetics, in particular, enables scientists to take ‘slices’ of the landscape at depths of five metres, ten metres, fifteen metres and so on, to determine where salt may be stored at depth

    同义替换：「detect how far below ground the salt is 」↔「determine where salt may be stored at depth」

11. 37 What link does the writer make between salt and gold?
    • They can both be found in the same locations.
    • Both have been found to have an impact on the landscape.
    • The same techniques can be used to find both.
    • Neither are present in mountainous areas.

    答案：The same techniques can be used to find both.

    原文定位：A suite of high technologies used by geologists to see underground and prospect for gold and minerals is now being used to pinpoint the presence of salt beneath the landscape

12. 38 What is the process' referred to in Section B?
    • the killing of vegetation by salt
    • salt's ability to travel below ground
    • the ability of trees to decrease salt levels
    • the detection of salt by tracing other minerals

    答案：salt's ability to travel below ground

    原文定位：Unless this process is clearly understood;salt can still sneak past and erupt, following one of the ancient river channels formed millions of years ago

    同义替换：「travel below ground」↔「sneak past」

13. 39 According to Angus Howell, one problem in the fight against salinity is that
    • not enough farmers are concerned about the fight
    • farmers' requests for help have been ignored
    • some possible measures may cause farmers to lose income
    • the government has not provided farmers with sufficient financial support

    答案：some possible measures may cause farmers to lose income

    原文定位：How do you introduce the land-use changes that are needed when people still need to make a living

    同义替换：「some possible measures」↔「land-use changes」，「cause farmers to lose income」↔「people still need to make a living」

14. 40 Which of the following best describes the writer's view of the salinity problem in Australia?
    • Farmers are fighting an enemy that moves secretly and hides well
    • Farmers have been able to contain this enemy in a small area
    • Farmers have already had significant success infighting this problem
    • Farmers need to form more organized groups to solve this problem

    答案：Farmers are fighting an enemy that moves secretly and hides well

    原文定位：impassive surface of Australia lie hidden mountains, valleys and gorges - ancient traps and channels for the deadly salt that is stealthily killing so much of the Australian landscape;salt can still sneak past and erupt;salt's ability to mount ambushes, emerging somewhere new, sometimes unexpected and unexplained

    同义替换：「moves secretly」↔「stealthily」，「hides well」↔「ambushes」