# Antarctic architecture Halley VI - 科目：雅思阅读真题（Part 1） - 最近考试：2026.8.22重庆IDP两江新区 - 题目数：13 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/c69b6b73-357f-4dee-8d5c-e80c2331d975（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-11-07 ## 题目原文 Inspired by science fiction, the Halley VI Research Station has a lot to teach about how architecture can impact psychology A One morning in 2004, Hugh Broughton was listening to the radio when two voices caused him to pay attention. One of them he recognised through his work as an architect. It was the President of the Royal Institute of British Architects, George Ferguson. The other was less familiar: the director of the British Antarctic Survey, Chris Rapley. The two were announcing a competition to design a new research station in Antarctica. It was a job, they explained, that presented an unusual set of challenges. The site of the new structure was on floating ice 50 kilometres from the Antarctic mainland. Previous stations built in the vicinity had recorded temperatures as low as -50 degrees Celsius and winds of up to 160 kilometres an hour. Only one had escaped the fate of being completely engulfed by snow and abandoned. But it too was now in jeopardy. Ferguson and Rapley listed a number of criteria that they'd be looking for: a background in building in remote locations, knowledge of extreme climates, and an understanding of complex logistics. Broughton ticked zero of those boxes, but that didn't prevent him from entering the competition – and winning it. B The structure that Broughton designed, which was completed in 2012, is called Halley VI. It's made of eight conjoined pods, raised above the snow by hydraulic legs at the feet of which is a set of massive skis allowing the entire station to be moved by bulldozers. It doesn't surprise Broughton that people often use film references to describe his creation. He openly admits that science fiction from the 1960s was a big influence. Of course, a few of Broughton's ideas had to be tempered when he learned more about the challenges associated with building near the South Pole. He realised that, in a year, only the 12 weeks of summer were suitable for construction work, meaning most of the base had to be prefabricated in South Africa, transported by ships and then built over a few summer seasons. No single element could weigh more than 9 tonnes, lest it fall through the ice during transportation. There was also the matter of complying with the Antarctic Treaty, which governs all activity on the icy continent. The rule outlawing the introduction of any non-indigenous plant life, for example, meant that plans to plant salad vegetables in a garden in the station had to be abandoned. C Still, Broughton managed to navigate these challenges and enlisted the help of a colour expert to devise a palette that was bright, but not overwhelming. Lebanese cedar, which gives off a natural fragrance, was used around parts of the station to combat sensory deprivation. As well, Broughton worked with a team to develop special lighting that simulates the sun's rhythms; the aim was to mitigate seasonal affective disorder (winter depression) during the 105 days a year in which there is no daylight. Few appreciate the impact of these innovations more than Tom Welsh, Halley VI's winter station leader. 'During the winter, you can't really get out and do very much,' he says. 'So you really rely on getting your mental stimulus from inside the station.' The large central module is key for this function. It's where staff meet to watch movies, eat and play pool. Welsh's team has even constructed a small mini golf course there. D Life at Halley VI isn't all fun and games. There's also the job of conducting research into topics ranging from space weather to ozone levels. Some of this work is done on a purpose-built observation deck atop the northernmost module. Mate is a thief. The station's triple-glazed windows and heating system normally keep the temperature fairly moderate, but they're not completely foolproof. In 2014, a power outage left the entire station exposed to record low temperatures for 19 hours. It was so cold that when someone threw a cup of boiling water in the air, it instantly turned into a cloud of ice crystals. E Thankfully, the entire crisis was eventually brought under control and no one was hurt. But it gave Halley VI's team a taste of what life was like for pioneering Antarctic explorers at the start of the 20th century. Back then, research stations provided the bare essentials of survival. They were usually dirty, stuffy places, where tempers flared and the divisions in ranks were strictly maintained. 'There were definitely a lot of people living in very close contact with each other,' says Pip Cheshire, a New Zealand architect who has helped restore a number of old Antarctic huts. 'There are a few cases of explorers actually succumbing to "cabin fever" in these harsh surroundings.' F It's difficult to imagine such bleakness on Halley VI. Here, every measure is taken to make its crew comfortable. Broughton is now seen as an expert in designing research bases, and was commissioned to design a new facility for the Spanish Antarctic programme. Mate is a thief. NASA also reached out for guidance on how to build stations for long-range space missions. 'They've asked questions like, "How small were the sleeping quarters and what features did you introduce to give them individual personality?"' he says. 'They're interested in how architecture can contribute to psychological wellbeing during long periods of isolation.' G For Sam Jacob, a London-based architect and writer who recently wrote a foreword for a book about Antarctic architecture, applying Broughton's ideas to space travel makes sense. 'Antarctica is the place on Earth that is the least like Earth, if you know what I mean – it's the place most like another planet,' he says. 'So, with that in mind, you can really imagine Halley sitting on a planet in outer space. It's something that's not only informed by science fiction, but could also give an idea of how we might actually colonise other places.' ## 题目与答案 ### 1. a description of living conditions in the early days of Antarctic exploration a description of living conditions in the early days of Antarctic exploration - A - B - C - D - E - F **答案**：E 原文定位：Back then, research stations provided the bare essentials of survival. They were usually dirty, stuffy places, where tempers flared and the divisions in ranks were strictly maintained;There are a few cases of explorers actually succumbing to "cabin fever" in these harsh surroundings 同义替换：「living conditions」↔「dirty, stuffy places」 ### 10. Living conditions on stations in Antarctica used to be crowded. Living conditions on stations in Antarctica used to be crowded. - George Ferguson and Chris Rapley - Tom Welsh - Pip Cheshire - Sam Jacob **答案**：Pip Cheshire 原文定位：There were definitely a lot of people living in very close contact with each other,' says Pip Cheshire, a New Zealand architect who has helped restore a number of old Antarctic huts 同义替换：「crowded」↔「a lot of people living in very close contact with each other」 ### 11. Antarctica is different from everywhere else in the world. Antarctica is different from everywhere else in the world. - George Ferguson and Chris Rapley - Tom Welsh - Pip Cheshire - Sam Jacob **答案**：Sam Jacob 原文定位：Antarctica is the place on Earth that is the least like Earth, if you know what I mean – it's the place most like another planet,' he says 同义替换：「is different from everywhere else in the world」↔「the place on Earth that is the least like Earth」 ### 12. 12 The project would require an architect who had done similar work before. 12 The project would require an architect who had done similar work before. - George Ferguson and Chris Rapley - Tom Welsh - Pip Cheshire - Sam Jacob **答案**：George Ferguson and Chris Rapley 原文定位：Ferguson and Rapley listed a number of criteria that they'd be looking for;a background in building in remote locations, knowledge of extreme climates, and an understanding of complex logistics 同义替换：「The project would require」↔「listed a number of criteria that they'd be looking for」；「who had done similar work before」↔「a background in building in remote locations, knowledge of extreme climates」 ### 13. The station may provide a sense of how to build in difficult locations elsewhere. The station may provide a sense of how to build in difficult locations elsewhere. - George Ferguson and Chris Rapley - Tom Welsh - Pip Cheshire - Sam Jacob **答案**：Sam Jacob 原文定位：So, with that in mind, you can really imagine Halley sitting on a planet in outer space. It's something that's not only informed by science fiction, but could also give an idea of how we might actually colonise other places 同义替换：「may provide a sense of」↔「could also give an idea of」；「how to build in difficult locations elsewhere」↔「how we might actually colonise other places」 ### 2. examples of consultants who helped Broughton provide pleasant surroundings on Halley VI examples of consultants who helped Broughton provide pleasant surroundings on Halley VI - A - B - C - D - E - F **答案**：C 原文定位：Still, Broughton managed to navigate these challenges and enlisted the help of a colour expert to devise a palette that was bright, but not overwhelming. Lebanese cedar, which gives off a natural fragrance, was used around parts of the station to combat sensory deprivation. As well, Broughton worked with a team to develop special lighting that simulates the sun's rhythms; the aim was to mitigate seasonal affective disorder (winter depression) during the 105 days a year in which there is no daylight ### 3. a description of a time when technical failure led to an emergency situation a description of a time when technical failure led to an emergency situation - A - B - C - D - E - F **答案**：D 原文定位：The station's triple‑glazed windows and heating system normally keep the temperature fairly moderate, but they're not completely foolproof. In 2014, a power outage left the entire station exposed to record low temperatures for 19 hours. It was so cold that when someone threw a cup of boiling water in the air, it instantly turned into a cloud of ice crystals 同义替换：「technical failure」↔「a power outage」 ### 4. an information about Broughton's lack of experience before he designed Halley VI an information about Broughton's lack of experience before he designed Halley VI - A - B - C - D - E - F **答案**：A 原文定位：Ferguson and Rapley listed a number of criteria that they'd be looking for;a background in building in remote locations, knowledge of extreme climates, and an understanding of complex logistics. Broughton ticked zero of those boxes, but that didn't prevent him from entering the competition – and winning it 同义替换：「Broughton」↔「Broughton」 ### 5. a reference to recreational activities on Halley VI a reference to recreational activities on Halley VI - A - B - C - D - E - F **答案**：C 原文定位：It's where staff meet to watch movies, eat and play pool. Welsh's team has even constructed a small mini golf course there 同义替换：「recreational activities」↔「watch movies, eat and play pool」 ### 6. Construction of Halley VI The station Broughton designed consists of 6_____ that are linked together. Construction of Halley VI The station Broughton designed consists of 6_____ that are linked together. **答案**：pods 原文定位：It's made of eight conjoined pods, raised above the snow by hydraulic legs at the feet of which is a set of massive skis allowing the entire station to be moved by bulldozers 同义替换：「consists of」↔「made of」；「that are linked together」↔「conjoined」 ### 7. These are attached to skis and so can be transported using 7_____ . These are attached to skis and so can be transported using 7_____ . **答案**：bulldozers 原文定位：It's made of eight conjoined pods, raised above the snow by hydraulic legs at the feet of which is a set of massive skis allowing the entire station to be moved by bulldozers 同义替换：「transported」↔「be moved」 ### 8. Broughton faced some unexpected challenges in the construction of Halley VI. One such challenge was that building work could only take place on the site in 8_____ . Broughton faced some unexpected challenges in the construction of Halley VI. One such challenge was that building work could only take place on the site in 8_____ . **答案**：summer 原文定位：He realised that, in a year, only the 12 weeks of summer were suitable for construction work, meaning most of the base had to be prefabricated in South Africa, transported by ships and then built over a few summer seasons 同义替换：「building work」↔「construction work」 ### 9. ieces of the structure were made off-site and brought in by 9_____ . The weight of the components had to be limited so that they wouldn't go through the ice. ieces of the structure were made off-site and brought in by 9_____ . The weight of the components had to be limited so that they wouldn't go through the ice. **答案**：ships 原文定位：He realised that, in a year, only the 12 weeks of summer were suitable for construction work, meaning most of the base had to be prefabricated in South Africa, transported by ships and then built over a few summer seasons 同义替换：「Pieces of the structure」↔「most of the base」；「were made off‑site」↔「prefabricated」；「brought in」↔「transported」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。