The longest conservation fence in the world

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题目与答案

1. 14 The fence was constructed as protection for a rare type of _____ .

   答案：rhino

   原文定位：It was originally built by an animal conservation charity to conserve the black rhino – an endangered species of rhino whose numbers in the region had fallen from hundreds to dozens

   同义替换：「constructed」↔「built」，「protection」↔「conserve」，「rare type of」↔「endangered species of」

2. 15 A large number of trees from the Aberdares' forests had been cut down to be used for _____ .

   答案：firewood

   原文定位：As people moved up into the Aberdares' forests the region became degraded, as trees were felled for firewood or to make way for farming and cattle grazing, and local wildlife was hunted

   同义替换：「had been cut down」↔「were felled」

3. 16 According to the director of the Kenya Wildlife Service, there has been a great reduction in _____ .

   答案：poaching

   原文定位：The improved security has seen land values increase by up to 300 per cent, and poaching is down by 99 per cent, according to Dr Julius Kipng'etich, Director of the Kenya Wildlife Service

   同义替换：「great reduction in」↔「down by 99 per cent」

4. 17 According to Professor Mungai, the continued success depends on the _____ spending money on education and jobs.

   答案：government

   原文定位：He believes that the increased support of local people – many of whom are under-educated and unemployed – will be secured through government investment in schools and job creation, including the setting up of more ecotourism businesses

   同义替换：「depends on」↔「through」，「spending money on」↔「investment in」，「education」↔「schools」

5. Which TWO benefits of the fence have been observed?
   • an improvement in soil quality
   • a more reliable water supply
   • growth in tourism
   • larger harvests
   • increased opportunities for research

   答案：a more reliable water supply,larger harvests

   原文定位：Since its construction, the 40,000 farmers whose lands border the fence have gained considerably. 'Most are now able to harvest 100 per cent of their crops,' says Church;As the region's forests start to recover – reports show that indigenous forest cover within the enclosure has increased by 20 per cent – its rivers have also started to stabilize. 'If you remove an area's vegetation, the troughs and peaks of water flow are increased – so the base flow becomes lower, and flooding and erosion become an issue,' says Mungai. 'What's important is that a river is stable, so the local people can trust in what that river will be able to deliver

   同义替换：「larger harvests」↔「harvest 100 per cent of their crops」，「a more reliable water supply」↔「people can trust in what that river will deliver」

6. 20 The fence took more than two decades to complete.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：The 400-kilometre-long, two-metre-high electrified barrier, which protects more than 2,000 square kilometres of lush, green rainforest, took more than 20 years to construct

   同义替换：「fence」↔「barrier」，「two decades」↔「20 years」，「complete」↔「construct」

7. 21 Less than 10 per cent of Kenya's land is suitable for farming.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Vast areas of the country are little more than desert, and only around 17 per cent is suitable for farming

8. 22 Local communities were initially opposed to the construction of the fence.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Initially, there were concerns that the fence would be rejected by the people living in the nearby area, who had become accustomed to supplementing their income with the forest's resources. However, that doesn't seem to have been the case. 'When we were carrying out the assessments, we held five meetings with fence-adjacent communities and most of them were very happy with the fence

   同义替换：「Local communities」↔「people living in the nearby area」，「opposed」↔「be rejected」

9. 23 Children were sometimes attacked by wild animals before the fence was built.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Before it was built, farmers near the forests would regularly lose a substantial proportion of their harvest to marauding wild animals, and children were often attacked on their way to school by predators

   同义替换：「sometimes」↔「often」，「wild animals」↔「predators」

10. 24 The fence has eliminated all conflict between humans and wildlife in the region.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：Before it was built, farmers near the forests would regularly lose a substantial proportion of their harvest to marauding wild animals, and children were often attacked on their way to school by predators. 'In this situation, it was difficult for those living near the fence to care too much about conserving the area and its wildlife,' says Church. But the fence has changed that relationship. Since its construction, the 40,000 farmers whose lands border the fence have gained considerably. 'Most are now able to harvest 100 per cent of their crops,' says Church

11. 25 What does Colin Church identify as the main reason for the failure of many conservation projects?
    • lack of funding from international donors
    • opposition from local communities
    • trying to exclude people from conservation areas
    • poor design of conservation barriers

    答案：trying to exclude people from conservation areas

    原文定位：The key lesson, according to Church, is that conservation must work with local communities, not against them. 'Too many conservation projects fail because they try to exclude people

12. 26 What new challenge does the passage mention for the future of the Aberdare region?
    • declining interest from tourists
    • climate change affecting rainfall patterns
    • increasing poaching despite the fence
    • government cuts to conservation funding

    答案：climate change affecting rainfall patterns

    原文定位：Climate change poses a new threat, with more erratic rainfall potentially affecting both the forest and the farms that depend on it

    同义替换：「challenge」↔「threat」，「mention」↔「poses」