William Gilbert and magnetism

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题目与答案

1. paragraph_main 1
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：pioneers of the early science

   原文定位：16th and 17th centuries saw two great pioneers of modern science: Galileo and Gilbert

2. 10 He lost faith in the medical theories of his time.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

3. 11-13 Which THREE of the following are parts of Gilbert`s discovery?
   • A Metal can be transformed into another.
   • B Garlic can remove magnetism.
   • C Metals can be magnetized.
   • D Stars are at different distances from the earth.
   • E The earth wobbles on its axis.
   • F There are two charges of electricity.

   答案：C Metals can be magnetized.,D Stars are at different distances from the earth.,E The earth wobbles on its axis.

   原文定位：Gilbert also found that metals can be magnetized by rubbing materials such as fur, plastic or the like on them;However he believed that stars are not equidistant from the earth, but have their own earth-like planets orbiting around them;Thus a perfectly spherical lodestone, when aligned with the earth’s poles, would wobble all by itself in 24 hours. Further, he also believed that suns and other stars wobble just like the earth does around a crystal core

4. paragraph_main 2
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：early years of Gilbert

   原文定位：Gilbert’s birth predated Galileo. Born in an eminent local family in Colchester county in the UK, on May 24, 1544, he went to grammar school, and then studied medicine at St. John’s College, Cambridge, graduating in 1573. Later he traveled in the continent and eventually settled down in London

5. paragraph_main 3
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：professional and social recognition

   原文定位：He was a very successful and eminent doctor. All this culminated in his election to the president of the Royal Science Society. He was also appointed the personal physician to the Queen (Elizabeth I), and later knighted by the Queen

6. paragraph_main 4
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：his change of focus

   原文定位：Gilbert was first interested in chemistry but later changed his focus due to the large portion of mysticism of alchemy involved;He gradually developed his interest in physics after the great minds of the ancient, particularly about the knowledge the ancient Greeks had about lodestones

7. paragraph_main 5
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：his discovery about magnetism

   原文定位：Gilbert also found that metals can be magnetized by rubbing materials such as fur, plastic or the like on them;He named the ends of a magnet “north pole” and “south pole”. The magnetic poles can attract or repel, depending on polarity;ordinary iron is always attracted to a magnet

8. paragraph_main 6
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：questioning traditional astronomy

   原文定位：He also questioned the traditional astronomical beliefs;However he believed that stars are not equidistant from the earth, but have their own earth-like planets orbiting around them;This was perhaps the first proposal that a force might cause a heavenly orbit

9. paragraph_main 7
   • early years of Gilbert
   • what was new about his scientific research method
   • the development of chemistry
   • questioning traditional astronomy
   • pioneers of the early science
   • professional and social recognition

   答案：what was new about his scientific research method

   原文定位：His research method was revolutionary in that he used experiments rather than pure logic and reasoning like the ancient Greek philosophers did. It was a new attitude toward scientific investigation

10. 8 He is less famous than he should be.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：However, he is less well-known than he deserves

11. 9 He was famous as a doctor before he was employed by the Queen.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：He was a very successful and eminent doctor. All this culminated in his election to the president of the Royal Science Society. He was also appointed the personal physician to the Queen (Elizabeth I)