雅思阅读真题（Part 3）
Part 3 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2026.3.21
A
One widely held assumption about talent is that it is a reasonably fixed characteristic and it is therefore the job of organizations to identify, recruit and retain star performers. This belief affects the way people are managed in the workplace. Most recruitment decisions are influenced by the skills and abilities of an individual rather than their aptitude and attitude. In terms of career development, organizations invest in staff who have been selected to reach higher-level positions while ignoring front-line employees and people with less perceived potential. This idea—that talent is a fixed, identifiable characteristic and that those firms with the best people do the best—is both flawed and harmful to people and organizations. There is a lot of evidence on this point, and it is useful to highlight some of the most pertinent arguments.
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答案：A
原文定位：This idea—that talent is a fixed, identifiable characteristic and that those firms with the best people do the best—is both flawed and harmful to people and organizations
同义替换：「Disagreement」↔「flawed」，「employing talented people」↔「firms with the best people」，「achieve top performance」↔「do the best」，「view」↔「idea」
答案：E
原文定位：Decades of research by K. Anders Ericsson show that exceptional performance doesn't happen without around ten years of nearly daily, deliberate practice for about four hours a day, by people who with the assistance of their coaches have access to the best techniques
同义替换：「on a regular basis」↔「nearly daily」，「improve their performance」↔「exceptional performance」
答案：B
原文定位：There is no question that in every field, from sports to computer programming to music, there are people who are better than the rest. As psychologist Dean Keith Simonton, who has spent his career studying greatness, has said, "Wherever you look, the same story can be told
同义替换：「evidence」↔「There is no question」，「exceptional talent exists」↔「people who are better than the rest」，「all areas of life」↔「every field」
答案：F
原文定位：Dweck identified two sets of goals that people bring to a performance context: 'performance goals', where the purpose is to validate one's ability or avoid demonstrating a lack of ability, and 'learning goals', where the aim is to acquire new knowledge and skills. People with performance goals have been shown to be more prone to helpless behavior and debilitation after a setback, while people with learning goals strive for higher performance
同义替换：「at work」↔「performance context」
答案：C
原文定位：If performance naturally varies, any measurement taken at a single point in time, such as when someone is being hired, will have error and imprecision. Therefore, single assessments of talent are likely to contain mistakes in their categorization of people
同义替换：「the time when an assessment is carried out」↔「a single point in time」，「affects its accuracy」↔「contain mistakes」
答案：B
原文定位：Identify the ten per cent who have achieved the most in a certain endeavour. Count the accomplishments they have to their credit. Now tally the accomplishments of the remaining 90 per cent. The first tally will equal or surpass the second. For instance, in music, 16 individuals have produced about 50 per cent of the Western classical music that is performed and recorded today, while another 235 composers have produced the remaining half
同义替换：「particular area of achievement」↔「a certain endeavour」，「different talented individuals」↔「the ten per cent who have achieved the most」
答案：16
原文定位：For instance, in music, 16 individuals have produced about 50 per cent of the Western classical music that is performed and recorded today, while another 235 composers have produced the remaining half
答案：Bach
原文定位：It should surprise no-one that for Bach to be considered a great musician, standards of music needed to change to embrace the qualities that his compositions possessed
同义替换：「composer」↔「musician」
答案：coaches
原文定位：Decades of research by K. Anders Ericsson show that exceptional performance doesn't happen without around ten years of nearly daily, deliberate practice for about four hours a day, by people who with the assistance of their coaches have access to the best techniques
同义替换：「help improve」↔「with the assistance of」，「people practicing daily」↔「nearly daily, deliberate practice」
答案：FALSE
原文定位：Most recruitment decisions are influenced by the skills and abilities of an individual rather than their aptitude and attitude
同义替换：「hire」↔「recruitment」
答案：FALSE
原文定位：In the domain of work, research shows that the best predictors of job performance tend to be measures of intelligence, but even these measures correlate only loosely with performance. This means that more than 80 per cent of the variation in performance is unexplained by even the best predictors
同义替换：「accurately predict」↔「correlate only loosely」，「work」↔「job」
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：Even in the sports arena, where one would think natural ability would be readily assessed because sports teams spend lots of resources on identifying talent, mistakes get made. Basketball star Michael Jordan was dropped by his high-school basketball coach and a number of top American football quarterbacks were available early in their careers because they were not considered good enough by various teams
答案：TRUE
原文定位：Even in the sports arena, where one would think natural ability would be readily assessed because sports teams spend lots of resources on identifying talent, mistakes get made. Basketball star Michael Jordan was dropped by his high-school basketball coach and a number of top American football quarterbacks were available early in their careers because they were not considered good enough by various teams
同义替换：「talented sportspeople」↔「top American football quarterbacks」，「have been overlooked」↔「was dropped」
答案：NOT GIVEN