The growth of agriculture

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题目与答案

1. Farming in the ancient world

   ·Prehistoric times - people collected wild plants, and 1_____ to get meat.

   答案：following

   原文定位：prehistoric people spent most of their lives as nomadic people searching for food, following animal migrations and gathering wild plants

   同义替换：「collected」↔「gathering」

2. 10 European eating habits changed as a result of international exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Later in the 15th and 16th centuries. Explorers travelling to Africa, Asia and the Americas began to introduce new varieties of plants into Europe;which eventually became staple crops and an integral part of the European diet

   同义替换：「international」↔「Africa, Asia and the Americas」，「eating habits」↔「diet」，「changed」↔「introduce new varieties」

3. 11 During the 18th century many European countries created their own versions of the seed drill.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：Tull’s invention made rows of holes for the seeds and dropped them into the holes thus greatly improving the speed and efficiency the process by the end of the 18th century, seed drilling was widely practiced in many countries across Europe

4. 12 Selective breeding methods helped European farmers to produce more animals.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：By selectively breeding their livestock;farmers increased both the size of their herds and the productivity of their livestock

   同义替换：「produce more」↔「increased the size of」，「animals」↔「herds」

5. 13 Many farmers continued to use natural methods of fertilising their land, even after the development of chemical fertilisers.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：Then, in the early 1800s, scientists discovered;This led to the manufacture of chemical fertilisers;which greatly increased crop yields

6. ·11,500 years ago – people began growing crops, probably 2_____ e.g. rice or com – people started to domesticate various types of animals.

   答案：cereals

   原文定位：The earliest crop was most likely to have been rice, com, or similar types of cereals

   同义替换：「probably」↔「most likely to have」

7. ·Creation of a 3_____ people started to domesticate various types of animals.

   答案：surplus

   原文定位：Agriculture enabled people to produce a surplus of food which could be eaten when crops failed or swapped for other goods

   同义替换：「creation」↔「produce」，「exchange」↔「swapped」

8. ·led to the exchange of goods and the beginnings of trade, which resulted in the emergence of cities and the growth of 4_____.

   答案：civilizations

   原文定位：This development was so successful in some areas that cities emerged, and eventually civilisations arose

   同义替换：「growth」↔「arose」

9. ·Farmers gradually began using better 5_____ made from different materials.

   答案：tools

   原文定位：over time, improved farming tools of bone, stone, bronze, and iron were developed

   同义替换：「better」↔「improved」，「began using」↔「developed」

10. ·Systems of providing with a supply of 6_____ were invented in Mesopotamia.

    答案：water

    原文定位：Around 7, 500 years ago, farmers in Mesopotamia developed simple irrigation systems. By channeling water from streams onto their fields, farmers were able to settle in areas once thought to be unsuited to agriculture

    同义替换：「providing」↔「channeling」，「invented」↔「developed」

11. ·7_____ years ago, a large proportion of people worldwide had become dependent on farming.

    答案：2000

    原文定位：By 2,000 years ago much of the them to land in Earth’s population was reliant on agriculture

    同义替换：「large」↔「much」，「dependent on」↔「reliant on」

12. 8 The Romans adapted their own farming methods for use in Africa and Asia.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：the Romans adapted the best agricultural methods of the people they conquered. They even wrote manuals about the farming techniques they observed in Africa be left unplanted

13. 9 The medieval open-field system increased food production by allowing European farmers to have crops growing continually in all their fields.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：European farmers adapted an open-field system of planting in which one field would be planted in spring, another in autumn, and one would be left unplanted, or fallow