# Dormancy - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2022.11.26 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/f6447080-eab7-46ba-8de0-bb30eccef3ac（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:04,460 Today, we'll continue that discussion by looking at dormancy. First, we'll cover what dormancy is and why organisms become dormant. Dormancy is a state of inactivity that organisms or living things enter when they need to conserve the resources available to them and reduce their demands on their environment. Most major groups of plants and animals have some representatives that can become dormant. 00:00:30,380 What is the value of dormancy? To start with, animals can become one and survive conditions that are stressful in environmental terms. For instance, when lakes, ponds, or rivers dry up, aquatic organisms that can enter dormancy can survive the drought, while others who cannot do this will die. Another advantage is that creatures that can become dormant in inhospitable conditions, such as extreme cold, can live in a larger range of places than other organisms. 00:00:59,940 Because they can live where other animals can survive when they are active and looking for food, the amount of competition they have to deal with from other regions is greatly reduced. Let's move on to look at what causes dormancy. There are a number of variables, but the ones that are the most significant are temperature changes and the amount of light organisms get. Availability of food, water, and oxygen is also very important. 00:01:26,080 Now, we'll explore some specific examples. 00:01:29,720 Let us first look at dormancy in insects. 00:01:32,880 Insects experience a reduced metabolism, a form of dormancy called diapause in insects. Diapause is either a reaction to difficult environmental conditions or an unnecessary part of the life cycle, such as with butterflies or certain months. In terms of environment, it's interesting to know that through dormancy, insects can survive when it's very cold. Another creature we'll look at is fish. Fish share the same main environmental causes for dormancy as other creatures. But as one might imagine, they are particularly sensitive to drought. For example, long African fish burrow deep into the mud with low water supply. It surrounds itself with a cocoon and remains inactive. While dormant faces two dangers. One is the possibility of starvation, which relies on the fat stored in his body to overcome this. The other is desiccation or drying up, which is addressed through a reduction in urine production. Snails are also known to become dormant. Some snails seal off their shell, the membrane of dried mucus, after settling at their place of dormancy. Other snails do not have this possibility. They trust the protection of their shell. So when snails have remained outside in their dormancy, they can usually be recognized by a brightly colored shell reflecting the sunlight, and so minimizing evaporation. That is why banded snails usually have young shells in open habitats. Hibernation is probably the most well-known type of dormancy, which occurs in warm-blooded creatures during the winter. We know that warm-blooded animals maintain a regular body temperature. What's really interesting about hibernates is that they can adapt to extreme conditions by turning off their internal thermostats and hibernating until conditions improve. Let's examine the behavior of a true hibernate, the Arctic ground squirrel. This squirrel digs underground and builds a nest that is insulated. Once in its nest, it curls into a bowl and tucks in its arms, legs, and tape. Its body temperature mirrors the cold of its surroundings. At this point, this squirrel barely breathes and doesn't react to stimulants in a normal way. And during this hibernation period, the squirrel loses nearly forty percent of its weight. The process of awakening for the Arctic ground squirrel takes about three hours. When this happens, there is a rapid rise in the heartbeat, and circulation is effective. The area around the heart warms faster than the rest of the animal. And despite the strain of hibernation, the squirrel's body processes are normal within twenty-four hours of coming out. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. Organisms enter dormancy to: - save available 31_____ Organisms enter dormancy to: - save available 31_____ **答案**：resources 原文定位：Dormancy is a state of inactivity that organisms or living things enter when they need to conserve the resources available to them and reduce their demands on their environment 同义替换：「save」↔「conserve」 ### 32. - Value of dormancy - can live in conditions which are environmentally 32_____ - Value of dormancy - can live in conditions which are environmentally 32_____ **答案**：stressful 原文定位：To start with, animals can become one and survive conditions that are stressful in environmental terms 同义替换：「can live in」↔「survive」 ### 33. - can live in a lot of places - have less 33_____ from other animals - can live in a lot of places - have less 33_____ from other animals **答案**：competition 原文定位：Because they can live where other animals can survive when they are active and looking for food, the amount of competition they have to deal with from other regions is greatly reduced 同义替换：「have less」↔「is greatly reduced」 ### 34. Causes of dormancy - temperature changes and 34_____ changes - food, water, oxygen Causes of dormancy - temperature changes and 34_____ changes - food, water, oxygen **答案**：light 原文定位：There are a number of variables, but the ones that are the most significant are temperature changes and the amount of light organisms get ### 35. Dormancy in insects - They 35_____ their metabolism during diapause - Diapause occurs during extreme conditions Dormancy in insects - They 35_____ their metabolism during diapause - Diapause occurs during extreme conditions **答案**：reduced 原文定位：Insects experience a reduced metabolism, a form of dormancy called diapause in insects ### 36. The African lungfish - It buries itself in the 36_____ to create a slimy cocoon The African lungfish - It buries itself in the 36_____ to create a slimy cocoon **答案**：mud 原文定位：For example, long African fish burrow deep into the mud with low water supply. It surrounds itself with a cocoon and remains inactive 同义替换：「buries itself in」↔「burrow deep into」 ### 37. - Two dangers: 37_____ and desiccation - Two dangers: 37_____ and desiccation **答案**：starvation 原文定位：While dormant faces two dangers. One is the possibility of starvation, which relies on the fat stored in his body to overcome this. The other is desiccation or drying up, which is addressed through a reduction in urine production ### 38. Snails - Some close up with a membrane while dormant. - Light-coloured shells reflect sunlight and limit 38_____ . Snails - Some close up with a membrane while dormant. - Light-coloured shells reflect sunlight and limit 38_____ . **答案**：evaporation 原文定位：they can usually be recognized by a brightly colored shell reflecting the sunlight, and so minimizing evaporation 同义替换：「limit」↔「minimizing」 ### 39. The Arctic ground squirrel - It hibernation occurs in insulated, underground 39_____ . The Arctic ground squirrel - It hibernation occurs in insulated, underground 39_____ . **答案**：nest 原文定位：This squirrel digs underground and builds a nest that is insulated 同义替换：「hibernation occurs in」↔「digs underground and builds」 ### 40. - 40% weight loss - After waking up, the first part of the body to heat up is the 40_____ . - 40% weight loss - After waking up, the first part of the body to heat up is the 40_____ . **答案**：heart 原文定位：The area around the heart warms faster than the rest of the animal 同义替换：「the first part of the body to heat up」↔「warms faster than the rest of the animal」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。