雅思阅读真题（Part 3）

Whale culture

Part 3 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2025.11.23北京师范大学珠海分校

文章内容（节选）

A 

Most social scientists stubbornly resist the idea that animals have culture. Even such advanced cetacean mammals as whales and dolphins clearly don’t have art. literature, or architecture. But patient observation over many years has begun to reveal behaviors that can only have been learnt from other whales. And that, say whale biologists, constitutes culture.

 

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题目与答案

  1. Questions 27-31
    Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?
    In boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet, write
    27 Resident killer whales appear to remain with their maternal group for life.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：Residents live in stable groups, or ‘pods’, made up of two or three mothers and their offspring - perhaps 20 whales in all. Calves stay with their mothers throughout adulthood, and in many years of observation no one has ever seen a whale switch pods

  2. 28 Resident killer whales have a more restricted range of calls than transients.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：Transients have only a few such calls, and all transient societies share the same ones. Residents have a much more extensive repertoire, and each family group has its own unique and distinctive set of calls

  3. 29 There is a vocabulary of sounds which is common to all transient killer whales.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：TRUE

    原文定位：Transients have only a few such calls, and all transient societies share the same ones

  4. 30 Resident killer whales share the dialects of other resident communities living in the same waters.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：Residents have a much more extensive repertoire, and each family group has its own unique and distinctive set of calls. Despite regular interaction between them, each resident pod sticks firmly to its own dialect

  5. 31 The dialects of transient killer whales remain constant over time.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：Transients have only a few such calls, and all transient societies share the same ones

  6. Questions 32-34
    Complete the summary below.
    Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer
    Write your answers in boxes 32-34 on your answer sheet.
    32 It has been observed that resident killer whales invariably live in fixed family groups, known as _____ .

    答案：pods

    原文定位：Residents live in stable groups, or ‘pods’, made up of two or three mothers and their offspring - perhaps 20 whales in all

  7. 33 Each of these has its own unique set of calls, despite close contact with other family groups. As the same areas of ocean contain many different groups with widely varying dialects, it is clear that these differences could not have emerged as a result of the whales' _____ .

    答案：physical environment

    原文定位：Animals with different dialects share the same waters, so the variations can’t be a product of the physical environment

  8. 34 According to tests conducted by Lance Barrett-Lennard, a calf communicates exclusively with the dialect of the group to which its _____ belongs. Barrett-Lennard also rejects the idea that the call patterns are inherited.

    答案：mother

    原文定位：A calf uses the calls of its maternal pod very precisely. There’s no input from the father

  9. Questions 35-37
    Choose THREE letters. A-F
    Write the correct letters in boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet.
    35-37 Which THREE of the following features of whales are mentioned in the passage?
    • A intelligence 
    • B physical strength 
    • C sensitivity to sound
    • D prolonged life span 
    • E lengthy period of fertility 
    • F adaptability to a variety of foods

    答案：A intelligence,C sensitivity to sound,D prolonged life span

    原文定位：Apart from their advanced mental abilities, they are adept at recognising sounds: ideal for communication in the marine environment;Female killer whales, like humans, are very unusual in that they live up to a quarter of a century after they had their last offspring

  10. Questions 38-40
    Reading Passage has eight paragraphs, A-H
    Which paragraph contains the following information?
    Write the correct letter A-H in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.
    38 an example of the kind of information passed by whales to each other.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：G

    原文定位：The dialects of killer whales allow members of the groups to identify each other, enabling them to share information about food hot spots

  11. 39 a reference to variations in communication styles between different cultures within one species.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：D

    原文定位：Transients have only a few such calls, and all transient societies share the same ones. Residents have a much more extensive repertoire, and each family group has its own unique and distinctive set of calls. Despite regular interaction between them, each resident pod sticks firmly to its own dialect

  12. 40 ways in which the skills of whales are favorable for the development of culture.
    • A
    • B
    • C
    • D
    • E
    • F

    答案：F

    原文定位：Whales have several biological attributes that give them an advantage in social learning. Apart from their advanced mental abilities, they are adept at recognising sounds: ideal for communication in the marine environment. Many species spend years rearing their offspring, and live in small, stable, multi-generational societies, a social system that provides ample opportunity for teaching and learning

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