A brief history of glassmaking

文章内容（节选）

完整文章请进入机考练习查看。

题目与答案

1. 1 By about 450 BC, glass had become as important as ceramics in Greece.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Meanwhile, the Greeks still concentrated their energies on ceramics, and used glass simply for coloured inlays in sculptures – especially for magnificent monumental statues in public sites

   同义替换：「as important as」↔「concentrated their energies on」

2. Late Roman period

   -high point of later Roman glassmaking can be seen in containers like the 10_____

   答案：shellfish beaker

   原文定位：Later vessels such as the so;called shellfish beaker represented a climax in glassmaking of the later Roman period;fish and similar objects were blown separately, formed with special tools, and melted onto the walls of simply;shaped vessels;

   同义替换：「high point」↔「climax」

3. Later developments

   -from the 15th century, Venetians used old techniques like 11_____ and thread-glass decoration

   答案：mosaic glass

   原文定位：Roman glass art continued to be exemplary, and much of the world;famous Venetian glass art from the early 15th century was based on the revival of such methods as thread-glass decoration or mosaic glass;

   同义替换：「old techniques」↔「revival of such methods」

4. -acceptance of 12_____ as a subject for serious study in the 19th century led to improvements in glassmaking technology

   答案：chemistry

   原文定位：Until chemistry became an established scientific discipline in the second quarter of that century, glassmaking technology underwent only minor improvements

   同义替换：「acceptance of」↔「became」，「as a subject for serious study」↔「an established scientific discipline」

5. -some methods dating back to the Roman Empire continue to be a 13_____ for today's glassmakers.

   答案：puzzle

   原文定位：Even now, however, several of the techniques used in the Roman Empire remain a puzzle that modern glass technicians cannot resolve

   同义替换：「some methods dating back to」↔「several of the techniques used in」，「continue to be」↔「remain」，「today」↔「modern」

6. 2 The glassmakers of the early Roman Empire made copies of luxury Greek items.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：However, in the 1st and 2nd centuries BC, an industry of luxury glass items of various forms did emerge in former Greek areas strongly influenced by eastern cultures. This industry was in turn to have a profound effect on the glass art of the early‑Roman Empire

7. 3 With the rise of the Roman Empire, glass objects became more common.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：However, as the empire expanded, the steps from luxury to mass production, and from decorative objects to vessels for daily use, were gradually taken

   同义替换：「became more common」↔「from luxury to mass production」

8. 4 Syrian glassmakers created many different types of objects by blowing glass.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Thus it became possible for these craftsmen to produce a large variety of vessels for different uses – from simple bottles to more decorative and complex pieces

   同义替换：「glassmakers」↔「craftsmen」，「created many different types of objects」↔「produce a large variety of vessels」

9. 5 The Roman road network provided a safer way of transporting glass than previous methods.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：NOT GIVEN

   原文定位：The well‑planned network of roads in the Roman Empire ensured that the new shapes of manufactured glass objects, and the newly developed techniques used to produce them, were quickly spread and adopted

10. 6 Roman glass vessels produced in the 1st century AD were restricted to simple designs.
    • TRUE
    • FALSE
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：FALSE

    原文定位：Beside the large number of everyday small vessels for storing fragrances and medicinal extracts, there were bowls in all shapes – some formed on the humming‑wheel; some blown – plates, lamps, and much more. Even vessels technically very difficult to produce have been found, such as playful bottles in the shape of birds or other animals

    同义替换：「vessels」↔「bottles」，「were restricted to simple designs」↔「very difficult to produce have been found」

11. Developments in glassmaking

    2nd century AD

    -greater emphasis on glass having a 7_____ , lightness and transparency

    答案：shiny surface

    原文定位：Whereas colour characterised the appearance of early Roman glass – in keeping with the Greek tradition – from the 2nd century AD, the transparency and also lightness of the material as well as its shiny surface, came to be valued more

    同义替换：「greater emphasis on」↔「came to be valued more」

12. -complex 8_____ were often added, as well as coloured accents

    答案：intricate details

    原文定位：There was, though, an increasing tendency to apply intricate details, and a few coloured accents can be observed

    同义替换：「complex」↔「intricate」

13. -extra threads of glass used to highlight the 9_____ of vessels.

    答案：mouths

    原文定位：Different coloured glass was also used for simple handles, or for one or two threads or strings of extra glass wrapped around the rims to give emphasis to the vessels' mouths

    同义替换：「highlight」↔「give emphasis to」