雅思阅读真题《The costs of brand loyalty》的答案是什么？

第27题：illustrate the way adults enjoy eating f；第28题：bought only some of the brands which wer；第29题：economists fail to understand all the ef；第30题：the varying weather patterns have result；第31题：NOT GIVEN；第32题：NO；第33题：NO；第34题：NO；第35题：YES；第36题：range；第37题：increase；第38题：insistence；第39题：nutrition；第40题：progress

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该篇真题最近出现于 2026.2.28/2023.12.9 的雅思考试中，考频为中频。

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27 In the first paragraph the writer's purpose is to

show that London has a multicultural society.

point out that people grow up eating food from markets.

give examples of the wide variety of food available in Britain.

illustrate the way adults enjoy eating food from their childhood.

28 Economists from the universities of Tilburg and Chicago found that people who have migrated from one American state to another

答案：bought only some of the brands which were popular in their new state. 原文定位：These migrants had the same options, in terms of what was on offer and at what price, as everyone else in their adopted home, but although they consumed local favourites they bought fewer than longtim 同义替换：「people who have migrated」↔「migrants」；「bought」↔「consumed」

were poorer than longtime residents of the new state.

sometimes returned to their home states to buy their favourite foods.

bought only some of the brands which were popular in their new state.

were particularly sensitive to price increases on food items.

29 Atkin's research shows that

答案：economists fail to understand all the effects of increased trade. 原文定位：Atkin's data show something many economists do not take into account;when a traditional food has to compete with imported foods it may no longer be the cheapest food available for people to choose to 同义替换：「research」↔「data」；「fail to understand」↔「do not take into account」

trade makes favourite foods hard to find.

trade results in increasing levels of migration.

imported food is of a higher quality than local food.

economists fail to understand all the effects of increased trade.

30 The writer thinks Atkin was wise to choose India for his study because

答案：the varying weather patterns have resulted in regional crop types. 原文定位：India is a good choice because it covers a large number of climatic zones where different specialised crops are grown 同义替换：「wise to choose」↔「good choice」；「varying weather patterns」↔「a large number of climatic zones」；「resulted in regional crop types」↔「different specialised crops are grown」

trade barriers create food shortages between regions.

food is cheap in India in comparison to developed countries.

cultural variation results in a wide range of food preferences.

the varying weather patterns have resulted in regional crop types.

31 The Tilburg and Chicago study shows that brand loyalty is greater in some states of the United States than in others.

答案：NOT GIVEN 原文定位：A new study by economists from the universities of Tilburg and Chicago tracks the consumption patterns of 38,000 US households over two years, and confirms the theory that such brand loyalty is widesp

32 The study shows that the differences in shopping habits between migrants and native residents increased in the first 20 years.

答案：NO 原文定位：This gap between purchases of migrants and those of the locally born was quite stubborn: although it faded the longer a person lived in their new state. it still took 20 year to halve in magnitude 同义替换：「differences」↔「gap」；「shopping」↔「purchases」；「native residents」↔「locally born」；「increased in the first 20 years」↔「took 20 years to halve」

33 First brands into a new market only hold their advantage if they are supported by advertising.

答案：NO 原文定位：This could mean that the benefits of being the first brand into a market could last longer than might he assumed

34 Atkin originally chose India as a case study because trade within the country was unrestricted.

答案：NO 原文定位：Despite being part of the same country, the prevalence or internal barriers to trade means that its regions are best thought of as being only partially open to trade 同义替换：「unrestricted」↔「internal barriers」

35 In India, if a region focuses on certain foods the cost of the foods remains comparatively low.

答案：YES 原文定位：Atkin's data show that the foods a region specialises in producing are instead cheaper in that region 同义替换：「focuses on」↔「specialises in」；「comparatively low」↔「cheaper」

Food habits and trade in developing countries Trade is not always beneficial for the citizens of developing countries. Data show that a wider 36_____ of foods does not necessarily

答案：range 原文定位：In theory, when there is a greater choice of types of food, people should adjust their food habits and purchase the cheapest option so that they boost their calorie intake 同义替换：「wider」↔「greater」

result in a corresponding 37_____ in the amount of calories in people's diets.

答案：increase 原文定位：In theory, when there is a greater choice of types of food, people should adjust their food habits and purchase the cheapest option so that they boost their calorie intake 同义替换：「increase」↔「boost」

This is because people's 38_____ on continuing to eat the foods they grew up eating could result in insufficient calories in their diet if the cost of these foods rises as a result of more open trade conditions.

答案：insistence 原文定位：However, in practice, food habits mean that consumers keep buying the things they know and like even though these foods have become relatively expensive 同义替换：「insistence」↔「keep」

This is especially true in countries where adequate 39_____ is already a problem

答案：nutrition 原文定位：In developing countries where there is a high prevalence of undernutrition, such as in sub-Saharan Africa, the habit of continuing to eat favourite foods could have a serious effect on development 同义替换：「nutrition」↔「undernutrition」

and could result in a whole section of society being unable to contribute fully to their country's 40_____ in the future.

答案：progress 原文定位：In developing countries where there is a high prevalence of undernutrition, such as in sub-Saharan Africa, the habit of continuing to eat favourite foods could have a serious effect on development. Th

雅思阅读真题（Part 3）

The costs of brand loyalty

Part 3 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2026.2.28/2023.12.9

文章内容（节选）

A Londoner with a sudden urge for giant African snails could do worse than head to the bustling marketplace in Brixton, a part of south London that is home to many people from Africa. Markets like Brixton market that eater to migrants are testament to the fact that people often retain very strong preferences for the kinds of food they grew up eating. Just ask the expatriate Britons who flock to 'Tea and Sympathy' in New York's Greenwich Village for pots of Marmite, a yeast based spread whose delights baffle other nationalities (and many of their own compatriots).

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题目与答案

27 In the first paragraph the writer's purpose is to
- show that London has a multicultural society.
- point out that people grow up eating food from markets.
- give examples of the wide variety of food available in Britain.
- illustrate the way adults enjoy eating food from their childhood.
答案：illustrate the way adults enjoy eating food from their childhood.
原文定位：Markets like Brixton market that eater to migrants are testament to the fact that people often retain very strong preferences for the kinds of food they grew up eating. Just ask the expatriate Britons who flock to 'Tea and Sympathy' in New York's Greenwich Village for pots of Marmite
同义替换：「illustrate」↔「testament」，「adults」↔「migrants」，「enjoy eating food from their childhood」↔「retain very strong preferences for the kinds of food they grew up eating」
28 Economists from the universities of Tilburg and Chicago found that people who have migrated from one American state to another
- were poorer than longtime residents of the new state.
- sometimes returned to their home states to buy their favourite foods.
- bought only some of the brands which were popular in their new state.
- were particularly sensitive to price increases on food items.
答案：bought only some of the brands which were popular in their new state.
原文定位：These migrants had the same options, in terms of what was on offer and at what price, as everyone else in their adopted home, but although they consumed local favourites they bought fewer than longtime residents
同义替换：「people who have migrated」↔「migrants」，「bought」↔「consumed」
29 Atkin's research shows that
- trade makes favourite foods hard to find.
- trade results in increasing levels of migration.
- imported food is of a higher quality than local food.
- economists fail to understand all the effects of increased trade.
答案：economists fail to understand all the effects of increased trade.
原文定位：Atkin's data show something many economists do not take into account;when a traditional food has to compete with imported foods it may no longer be the cheapest food available for people to choose to eat
同义替换：「research」↔「data」，「fail to understand 」↔「do not take into account」
30 The writer thinks Atkin was wise to choose India for his study because
- trade barriers create food shortages between regions.
- food is cheap in India in comparison to developed countries.
- cultural variation results in a wide range of food preferences.
- the varying weather patterns have resulted in regional crop types.
答案：the varying weather patterns have resulted in regional crop types.
原文定位：India is a good choice because it covers a large number of climatic zones where different specialised crops are grown
同义替换：「wise to choose」↔「good choice」，「varying weather patterns」↔「a large number of climatic zones」，「resulted in regional crop types」↔「different specialised crops are grown」
31 The Tilburg and Chicago study shows that brand loyalty is greater in some states of the United States than in others.
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：A new study by economists from the universities of Tilburg and Chicago tracks the consumption patterns of 38,000 US households over two years, and confirms the theory that such brand loyalty is widespread, deep and long-lasting. There were clear local patterns in consumption, although the same brands were available everywhere
32 The study shows that the differences in shopping habits between migrants and native residents increased in the first 20 years.
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
答案：NO
原文定位：This gap between purchases of migrants and those of the locally born was quite stubborn: although it faded the longer a person lived in their new state. it still took 20 year to halve in magnitude
同义替换：「differences」↔「gap」，「shopping」↔「purchases」，「native residents」↔「locally born」，「increased in the first 20 years」↔「took 20 years to halve」
33 First brands into a new market only hold their advantage if they are supported by advertising.
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
答案：NO
原文定位：This could mean that the benefits of being the first brand into a market could last longer than might he assumed
34 Atkin originally chose India as a case study because trade within the country was unrestricted.
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
答案：NO
原文定位：Despite being part of the same country, the prevalence or internal barriers to trade means that its regions are best thought of as being only partially open to trade
同义替换：「unrestricted」↔「internal barriers」
35 In India, if a region focuses on certain foods the cost of the foods remains comparatively low.
- YES
- NO
- NOT GIVEN
答案：YES
原文定位：Atkin's data show that the foods a region specialises in producing are instead cheaper in that region
同义替换：「focuses on」↔「specialises in」，「comparatively low」↔「cheaper」
Food habits and trade in developing countries
Trade is not always beneficial for the citizens of developing countries. Data show that a wider 36_____ of foods does not necessarily
- nutrition
- range
- progress
- dislike
- incentive
- increase
答案：range
原文定位：In theory, when there is a greater choice of types of food, people should adjust their food habits and purchase the cheapest option so that they boost their calorie intake
同义替换：「wider」↔「greater」
result in a corresponding 37_____ in the amount of calories in people's diets.
- nutrition
- range
- progress
- dislike
- incentive
- increase
答案：increase
原文定位：In theory, when there is a greater choice of types of food, people should adjust their food habits and purchase the cheapest option so that they boost their calorie intake
同义替换：「increase」↔「boost」
This is because people's 38_____ on continuing to eat the foods they grew up eating could result in insufficient calories in their diet if the cost of these foods rises as a result of more open trade conditions.
- nutrition
- range
- progress
- dislike
- incentive
- increase
答案：insistence
原文定位：However, in practice, food habits mean that consumers keep buying the things they know and like even though these foods have become relatively expensive
同义替换：「insistence」↔「keep」
This is especially true in countries where adequate 39_____ is already a problem
- nutrition
- range
- progress
- dislike
- incentive
- increase
答案：nutrition
原文定位：In developing countries where there is a high prevalence of undernutrition, such as in sub-Saharan Africa, the habit of continuing to eat favourite foods could have a serious effect on development
同义替换：「nutrition」↔「undernutrition」
and could result in a whole section of society being unable to contribute fully to their country's 40_____ in the future.
- nutrition
- range
- progress
- dislike
- incentive
- increase
答案：progress
原文定位：In developing countries where there is a high prevalence of undernutrition, such as in sub-Saharan Africa, the habit of continuing to eat favourite foods could have a serious effect on development. There is clear evidence that nutritional shortfalls in children can affect their ability to work and earn as adults, and also has detrimental effects on their long-term health

The costs of brand loyalty

文章内容（节选）

题目与答案

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