# The preservation of organisms and fossils - 科目：雅思听力真题（Part 4） - 考频：中频 - 最近考试：2022.9.10/2017.6.3/2006.7.22 - 题目数：10 - 来源页：https://www.yaquan.site/paper/fec02e57-4b03-496f-b247-f9e9c6eafd7d（在线机考练习与音频请访问该页面） - 数据更新：2026-10-29 ## 题目原文 00:00:00,200 Welcome everyone to today's talk on fossils and their preservation here at Green Mountain Fossil Park. 00:00:08,620 Our goal is to give you an overview of how fossils are formed and classified, as well as how you can acquire them as souvenirs. 00:00:17,700 Let's start with the three main types of fossils found here. The first type is transitional fossils, which are quite rare. These fossils display characteristics that bridge the evolutionary gap between ancestral species and their modern descendants. A well-known example would be fossils that show traits of both dinosaurs and birds. 00:00:42,020 Next, the second type is actual fossilized remains of ancient organisms, which is categorized under preserved ones. 00:00:51,560 Unlike the first type, preserved fossils maintain much of the original structure, making it possible to see distinct features of plants or animals. The third category is ichnofossils, which can help to trace fossil size and forms through the actual remains of an organism, but instead provide evidence of their activity. These include footprints, burrows, or tunnels left behind by prehistoric creatures. Now, let's explore how fossils are formed. One way is when an organism gets trapped in volcanic ash, which preserves it in great detail. However, a more common process is petrifaction. 00:01:34,660 The first step is that after an animal dies, it gets buried in the mud or silt. Over time, the mud surrounding the remains dries and hardens, creating a protective layer. Eventually, the bones decay and are replaced by minerals in the surrounding soil, which leaves behind a stone-like fossilized structure. 00:01:57,480 This process allows us to uncover fossils millions of years later, providing valuable insights into prehistoric life. 00:02:06,520 Now, if you'd like to take home a fossil as a souvenir, there are two places you can purchase them. You can visit the shop outside the park or explore the fossils available at the park's exhibitions. As for the prices, don't worry, most fossils can be afforded by customers, although larger ones can be quite expensive. 00:02:28,440 During your visit, you will come across various tools that will help you learn more about fossils. For example, a tape measure is provided next to each fossil, so you can record the dimensions of the specimen. Another one is a notebook and pen, which will allow you to document different types of rocks, as geology plays an essential role in fossil studies. 00:02:52,900 If you have a camera, feel free to take photos of the fossils. This can help you review details later and compare different formations. Lastly, a compass can help explore soft sediments, which are often key indicators of fossil locations. If you have any questions, feel free to ask our staff members. Enjoy your visit, and we hope this experience sparks a deeper interest in the fascinating world of fossils. ## 题目与答案 ### 31. Three types of fossils: ·Transitional fossils: rare, show evidence of evolutionary change ·31_____ fossils: actual fossilised remains Three types of fossils: ·Transitional fossils: rare, show evidence of evolutionary change ·31_____ fossils: actual fossilised remains **答案**：preserved 原文定位：Next, the second type is actual fossilized remains of ancient organisms, which is categorized under preserved ones ### 32. ·lchno-fossils:32_____ indirect evidence of animals, e.g. footprints or tunnels ·lchno-fossils:32_____ indirect evidence of animals, e.g. footprints or tunnels **答案**：provide 原文定位：The third category is ichnofossils, which can help to trace fossil size and forms;but instead provide indirect evidence of their activity ### 33. How fossils are formed: ·Organism trapped in volcanic ash: an organism is quickly buried under volcanic ash. ·Petrification Step 1: An animal is 33_____ in the mud after death. How fossils are formed: ·Organism trapped in volcanic ash: an organism is quickly buried under volcanic ash. ·Petrification Step 1: An animal is 33_____ in the mud after death. **答案**：buried 原文定位：The first step is that after an animal dies, it gets buried in the mud or silt ### 34. Step 2:The mud dries and hardens over time. Step 3:Soil rich in 34_____ replace the bones, leaving behind a stone-like fossilized shape. Step 2:The mud dries and hardens over time. Step 3:Soil rich in 34_____ replace the bones, leaving behind a stone-like fossilized shape. **答案**：minerals 原文定位：Eventually, the bones decay and are replaced by minerals in the surrounding soil 同义替换：「soil rich in」↔「surrounding soil」 ### 35. Purchasing fossils: ·Where to buy: Shop outside the park or from the park`s 35_____ Purchasing fossils: ·Where to buy: Shop outside the park or from the park`s 35_____ **答案**：exhibitions 原文定位：You can visit the shop outside the park or explore the fossils available at the park's exhibitions 同义替换：「buy」↔「purchase」 ### 36. ·Prices: Generally affordable, but big fossil is very 36_____ ·Prices: Generally affordable, but big fossil is very 36_____ **答案**：expensive 原文定位：most fossils can be afforded by customers, although larger ones can be quite expensive 同义替换：「big」↔「larger」；「very」↔「quite」 ### 37. | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37_____ | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37_____ | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | **答案**：tape measure 原文定位：For example, a tape measure is provided next to each fossil, so you can record the dimensions of the specimen ### 38. | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38_____ | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38_____ | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | **答案**：rocks 原文定位：Another one is a notebook and pen, which will allow you to document different types of rocks, as geology plays an essential role in fossil studies 同义替换：「Record」↔「document」 ### 39. | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39_____ | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39_____ | | a compass | detect 40..... locate | **答案**：details 原文定位：If you have a camera, feel free to take photos of the fossils. This can help you review details later and compare different formations ### 40. | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40_____ locate | | Functions of different types of tools | | --- | --- | | Tools | Function or Purpose | | a 37..... | record the dimensions of each fossil | | a note and pen | record the types of 38..... | | a camera | record the 39..... | | a compass | detect 40_____ locate | **答案**：soft sediments 原文定位：Lastly, a compass can help explore soft sediments, which are often key indicators of fossil locations 同义替换：「Detect」↔「explore」 --- 以上内容由鸭圈雅思真题库（www.yaquan.site）提供，收录近期雅思考试真题回忆，支持在线机考模式免费练习。