The role of sleep in humans and animals

题目与答案

1. Importance of Sleep in Animals

   · Compared to those without food, animals without sleep are more likely to suffer from 31_____ .

   答案：attack

   原文定位：Without sleep, an animal is much less capable of avoiding an attack

   同义替换：「more likely to suffer from」↔「much less capable of avoiding」

2. · Sleep is necessary for all animals, whether they are reptiles, 32_____ or fish.

   答案：mammals

   原文定位：This is the case for all animals, whether they are reptiles, mammals or fish

   同义替换：「necessary」↔「This is the case」

3. Differences in animals` sleep and reasons for their ways of resting

   Dolphins

   · swim to the surface when sleeping, because they need to 33_____

   答案：breathe

   原文定位：For example, the dolphin must float to the surface as it sleeps in order to breathe

   同义替换：「need to」↔「in order to」，「swim」↔「float」

4. Birds

   · are constantly 34_____ in the presence of numerous predators

   答案：on edge

   原文定位：Birds also have unusual sleeping patterns, mostly due to being constantly on edge in the presence of numerous predators

5. Horses

   · do most of their sleeping standing up

   · do occasionally take short naps lying down. Lying in one position for a long time could well injure a horse, because their 35_____ are delicate.

   答案：bones

   原文定位：Horses are heavy animals with big muscles, but their bones are surprisingly delicate

6. Potential problems encountering

   · Animals can also have 36_____ the same as humans.

   答案：sleeping problems

   原文定位：Just like humans, animals can also have sleeping problems

   同义替换：「the same as」↔「just like」

7. Importance of sleep in humans

   · It helps us to organise our 37_____ of the day

   答案：memories

   原文定位：Researchers and scientists believe it helps us organize our memories of the day

8. · It plays a key role in 38_____ .

   答案：learning

   原文定位：Researchers also believe that sleep plays a key role in learning

9. e.g.

   · Because of the similar sleeping pattern to that in humans, 39_____ are studied in order to increase our knowledge of human physiology.

   答案：rats

   原文定位：Because of the similar sleeping pattern to that of humans, rats are often studied in order to increase our knowledge of human physiology

10. · Scientists choose to study are 40_____ of the fruit fly in order to know the function of the human gene and understand developmental processes in humans.

    答案：genetic structure

    原文定位：Many scientists today choose to study the genetic structure of the fruit fly