Conquering the South Pole

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题目与答案

1. 1 Amundsen originally planned to explore the North Pole before changing his destination.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal

   同义替换：「explore」↔「expedition」，「before changing his destination」↔「redirected his goal」

2. 10 Why did Amundsen change his expedition’s goal to the South Pole?
   • Because he lost funding for the Arctic.
   • To compete with Scott from the beginning.
   • After learning someone else had claimed the North Pole.
   • Due to advice from the King of Norway.

   答案：After learning someone else had claimed the North Pole.

   原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole. To secure fame and funding, Amundsen secretly redirected his goal

   同义替换：「change」↔「redirected」

3. 11 What was a major difference between Amundsen’s and Scott’s transport choices?
   • Amundsen used motor sledges Scott used dogs.
   • Amundsen relied on skis Scott used only foot travel.
   • Amundsen used dog sleds Scott used ponies and motor sledges.
   • Amundsen used helicopters Scott used traditional methods.

   答案：Amundsen used dog sleds Scott used ponies and motor sledges.

   原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on

4. 12 How far was Scott’s team from a supply depot when they died?
   • 11 miles
   • 14 miles
   • 100 miles
   • Not mentioned

   答案：11 miles

   原文定位：Disheartened and weakened, Scott and his four companions perished on the return journey, just 11 miles from a supply depot

   同义替换：「when they died」↔「perished」

5. 13 What does the writer suggest was the key factor in Amundsen’s success?
   • Luck and good weather
   • Romantic endurance and courage
   • Systematic planning and efficiency
   • Support from the British government

   答案：Systematic planning and efficiency

   原文定位：Amundsen’s success was not merely a geographical conquest but a demonstration of modern, systematic exploration. His methods influenced future polar and scientific expeditions, embedding the principle that survival and success depend as much on planning and adaptability as on bravery

   同义替换：「key factor」↔「depend as much on」

6. 2 Robert Peary’s claim to the North Pole was universally accepted.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：Although meticulously planned, his expedition pivoted on chance when he learned of Robert Peary’s disputed claim to the North Pole

   同义替换：「universally accepted」↔「disputed」

7. 3 Amundsen’s team used ponies as their primary means of transport.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：FALSE

   原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on

   同义替换：「primary means of transport」↔「choosing dog sleds over ponies」

8. 4 Scott’s team reached the South Pole after Amundsen’s team.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：Despite reaching the Pole on January 17, 1912, they discovered Amundsen’s tent and Norwegian flag already planted there

9. 5 Amundsen left letters at the Pole for both the King of Norway and Robert Falcon Scott.
   • TRUE
   • FALSE
   • NOT GIVEN

   答案：TRUE

   原文定位：On December 14, 1911, Amundsen and his team reached the South Pole, leaving behind letters for King Haakon VII and Scott

10. 6 Amundsen’s success was due to careful _____ .

    答案：preparations

    原文定位：Amundsen’s preparations were exhaustive. He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on

    同义替换：「careful」↔「exhaustive」

11. 7 and the use of _____ pulled by dogs.

    答案：sleds

    原文定位：He meticulously studied the methods of indigenous Arctic peoples and polar veterans, choosing dog sleds over ponies and motor sledges, which Scott relied on

    同义替换：「use of」↔「choosing」

12. 8 He set up _____ along the route to ensure a safe return.

    答案：supply depots

    原文定位：He established a series of supply depots along the route to the Pole, marked by tall black flags to ensure safe return

    同义替换：「set up」↔「established」

13. 9 In contrast, Scott’s team suffered from poor planning and _____ their sledges for much of the journey.

    答案：man‑hauled

    原文定位：hauled their sledges for much of the journey, exhausting themselves