Penguins in Africa

题目与答案

1. Appearance and lifestyle

   - live in southern Africa

   - also called Jackass Penguins for the sound they make

   - the 31_____ of their body remains constant

   答案：temperature

   原文定位：African penguins can keep their body temperature at a stable level

   同义替换：「remains」↔「keep」，「constant」↔「stable」

2. - restrict their 32_____ on land from dawn to dust

   答案：movements

   原文定位：They limit their daylight movements on breeding sites on land, to early mornings and early evenings to avoid too much sun

   同义替换：「restrict」↔「limit」，「from dawn to dusk」↔「daylight」

3. - can not fly because of the heavy 33_____

   答案：bones

   原文定位：Even though they are categorized as birds, African penguins aren't able to fly because of their heavy bones

4. - set up nests in 34_____ beneath bushes

   答案：holes

   原文定位：They dig holes under bushes out of their own excrement called guano

   同义替换：「set up」↔「build」，「beneath」↔「under」

5. - mainly eat fish like sardine, also fed on 35_____ of the tree

   答案：roots

   原文定位：They feed primarily on fish like sardines, along with the occasional squid and shellfish. But when normal food is in short supply, they eat tree roots as well

   同义替换：「fed on」↔「eat」

6. Predators

   - seals

   - 36_____

   答案：sharks

   原文定位：Their natural predators at sea include seals and sharks

7. - seagulls (like to prey on penguin 37_____ )

   答案：chicks

   原文定位：The penguin chicks are sometimes taken by seagulls into the air and dropped from above. The seagulls could thus feed on them

   同义替换：「prey」↔「feed」，「chicks」↔「young」

8. Traits and Threats

   - lose 38_____ in winter

   答案：feathers

   原文定位：The entire surface of their body is densely covered with feathers which fall off during the winter. This process is called molting

   同义替换：「lose」↔「fall off」

9. - fight for nesting 39_____ and food due to human activities

   答案：space

   原文定位：They are struggling for nesting space due to human disruption and competing for food due to overfishing and pollution

   同义替换：「fight for」↔「struggling for」，「activities」↔「disruption」

10. - to improve survivorship, it is helpful to increase the 40_____ of their genes

    答案：diversity

    原文定位：The more genetic diversity there is within a species, the higher the likelihood that at least some of the individuals will adapt and survive

    同义替换：「improve survivorship」↔「higher likelihood to survive」