Minority cultures of the world

题目与答案

1. 21 Steve and Paula are impressed that the Dogon People know
   • the location of a star in the sky
   • the effect of one star on another
   • the distance between two stars

   答案：the effect of one star on another

   原文定位：They know about the brightest star. That's Sirius, having a smaller, unseen companion star that circles it and pulls it off course

2. 22 According to the Weyewa people how does a person become rich?
   • by opening a bank account
   • by assisting others
   • by lending money

   答案：by assisting others

   原文定位：Now, I've got something here about the Wayewa in Indonesia;Mm, Dr. Smith said they've got some fascinating traditions, like assessing a person's wealth by the number of people owing them a favor

   同义替换：「rich」↔「wealth」，「assisting others」↔「people owing them a favor」

3. 23 What achievement of the Gabra people did Dr Smith describe?
   • their adaptation of traditional trading practices
   • their training of camels for transportation
   • their methods of land use

   答案：their methods of land use

   原文定位：Then there were the Gabra people in northern Kenya, who are traditional camel herders. Dr. Smith commented on the way they manage the land, even land that's been overgrazed by other groups. They've become a model for semi-desert management, anticipating drought and preparing for it

   同义替换：「methods of land use」↔「the way they manage the land」

4. 24 A project has been designed to help the Xavante people
   • extend the area they already live in
   • and new markets for plant and animal products
   • return to live in their former environment

   答案：return to live in their former environment

   原文定位：There's a project to repopulate the forest with game and fruits in their home area, so they can go back there to the traditional lifestyle they've lost

   同义替换：「return to」↔「go back」

5. 25 The Makuna people
   • have established effective systems of conservation
   • differentiate between certain groups of animals
   • claim the right to fish everywhere in their lands

   答案：have established effective systems of conservation

   原文定位：Mm-hmm, and they have taboos against hunting and fishing in certain places so that stocks of animals and fish are maintained

6. 26 According to Dr Smith the Navajo people
   • used up all the resources in their lands
   • suffered because of their international fame
   • encountered difficulties as a result of trading minerals

   答案：encountered difficulties as a result of trading minerals

   原文定位：Here's the last name in my notes: the Navajo people in the USA. Of course, I'd heard of them before. Dr. Smith said they'd found minerals such as coal, oil, and uranium in their lands;But when they tried to sell these sources of power, this led to a number of disputes

   同义替换：「trading minerals」↔「sell these sources of power」

7. | Groups | Similarities |

   | --- | --- |

   | Wodaabe and Navajo | value beauty in their culture |

   | Gabra and Weyewa | believe that 27_____ is an important activity |

   | Dogon and Wodaabe | are skilled in music |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | are affected by government 28..... plans |

   | Xavante and Gabra | are being persuaded to 29..... in particular areas |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | value the idea of offering different kinds of 30..... |

   答案：sharing

   原文定位：No, the Wayewa are actually settled, but both particularly value sharing. The Gabra give or loan animals so that others do the same for them in time of need

   同义替换：「important」↔「particularly value」

8. | Groups | Similarities |

   | --- | --- |

   | Wodaabe and Navajo | value beauty in their culture |

   | Gabra and Weyewa | believe that 27..... is an important activity |

   | Dogon and Wodaabe | are skilled in music |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | are affected by government 28_____ plans |

   | Xavante and Gabra | are being persuaded to 29..... in particular areas |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | value the idea of offering different kinds of 30..... |

   答案：education

   原文定位：And then the Makuna and the Wayewa have similar problems because their governments both want to promote a particular model of education. Which doesn't match their own ideas of what's important

   同义替换：「plans」↔「want to」

9. | Groups | Similarities |

   | --- | --- |

   | Wodaabe and Navajo | value beauty in their culture |

   | Gabra and Weyewa | believe that 27..... is an important activity |

   | Dogon and Wodaabe | are skilled in music |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | are affected by government 28..... plans |

   | Xavante and Gabra | are being persuaded to 29_____ in particular areas |

   | Makuna and Weyewa | value the idea of offering different kinds of 30..... |

   答案：settle

   原文定位：Both are under pressure to settle in specific locations

   同义替换：「are being persuaded to」↔「under pressure to」，「particular areas」↔「specific locations」

10. | Groups | Similarities |

    | --- | --- |

    | Wodaabe and Navajo | value beauty in their culture |

    | Gabra and Weyewa | believe that 27..... is an important activity |

    | Dogon and Wodaabe | are skilled in music |

    | Makuna and Weyewa | are affected by government 28..... plans |

    | Xavante and Gabra | are being persuaded to 29..... in particular areas |

    | Makuna and Weyewa | value the idea of offering different kinds of 30_____ |

    答案：gifts

    原文定位：And the last point of comparison was between the Makuna and Wayewa, because central to both their cultures is the giving of gifts. In the first case, from the natural world, which gives up its animals and fish to the world of man for food, and in the second, from man to his ancestors, who gave him life

    同义替换：「value the idea of offering」↔「central to both their cultures is the giving of」