Kelp

题目与答案

1. 31 Recent discoveries concerning marine life have been more accurate than earlier ones, because scientists have
   • studied a wide geographical area
   • included more information about the past
   • worked as a team on the project

   答案：included more information about the past

   原文定位：Now, some of the predictions that were made initially turned out to be highly inaccurate, and it was suspected that this was due to insufficient historical data being available. So when a team of international scientists recently set out to reevaluate;they were concerned to increase reliability by collecting as much of this kind of data as possible

   同义替换：「earlier」↔「initial」，「included more information about the past」↔「insufficient historical data」

2. 32 An international study has shed light on
   • the effects of human activity on marine life
   • the extinction of a particular marine animal
   • the benefits of a marine conservation project

   答案：the effects of human activity on marine life

   原文定位：So when a team of international scientists recently set out to reevaluate the state of various coastal ecosystems from Australia to Alaska;Their studies demonstrated that there has always been a complex interaction between animals and plants living in our seas;We now know much more about what happens when humans intervene in this system

   同义替换：「shed light on」↔「We now know much more about」，「the effects of human activity on marine life」↔「what happens when humans intervene in this system」

3. Fluctuating fortunes of the Alaskan kelp forests

   2,500-4,000 years ago otter number began to fall in areas around 33_____

   ↓
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：villages

   原文定位：And then somewhere between two and a half to four thousand years ago, when early people first occupied that region, the otter population began to decline, and it probably declined as a consequence of overhunting. However, the declines were relatively small in scale at that time and localized, probably around village sites

   同义替换：「otter number began to fall」↔「the otter population began to decline」

4. sea urchins reduced kelp in places

   ↓

   mid 1700s start of 34_____
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：fur trade

   原文定位：In the mid seventeen hundreds, the Alaskan waters were discovered by the Bering expedition, and that set off the North Pacific fur trade

   同义替换：「start of」↔「set off」

5. ↓

   otter numbers 35_____
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：fell

   原文定位：And as a consequence of that, otter populations were rapidly depleted to very low levels across the whole region

   同义替换：「numbers」↔「populations」

6. ↓

   sea urchin numbers 36_____
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：rose

   原文定位：And as a consequence of that, otter populations were rapidly depleted to very low levels across the whole region. And that, in turn, caused an explosion of the sea urchin population and thus a collapse of the kelp forests

   同义替换：「rose」↔「explosion」

7. ↓

   37_____ devastated
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：kelp forests

   原文定位：And as a consequence of that, otter populations were rapidly depleted to very low levels across the whole region. And that, in turn, caused an explosion of the sea urchin population and thus a collapse of the kelp forests. So when humans wiped out the top predator, grazers took over and overgrazed the kelp forests until they were devastated

8. early 1900s 38_____ acquired protection

   ↓

   sea urchin numbers declined

   ↓

   kelp forests flourished
   • Alaska
   • fell
   • flourished
   • fur trade
   • kelp forests
   • rose

   答案：sea otters

   原文定位：Then in the early nineteen hundreds, before the Alaskan sea otters were completely wiped out, they became a protected species

   同义替换：「acquired protection」↔「became a protected species」

9. In recent times,39_____ have started feeding on sea otters.

   答案：killer whales

   原文定位：In the late twentieth century, the unlucky sea otters began to decline again because this time they were being eaten by killer whales

   同义替换：「feed on」↔「being eaten by」

10. In the near future, kelp forests are predicted to 40_____ .

    答案：decline

    原文定位：So as a result of this, the kelp forests can be expected to decline again since the sea urchin numbers are no longer controlled by the otters

    同义替换：「In the near future」↔「can be expected to」