The history of the umbrella

题目与答案

1. Symbolism of Umbrellas

   · Umbrellas symbolized 31_____ for rulers, showcasing authority.

   答案：power

   原文定位：The umbrella was once regarded as a power icon of authority among leaders. More than just a practical item for shade or rain protection, it was a status symbol. Carried majestically over the heads of kings and powerful leaders during parades and public gatherings, it showcased their authority and ruling power to the people watching

   同义替换：「symbolized」↔「regarded as a power icon」，「rulers」↔「kings and powerful leaders」

2. · Only wealthy Roman 32_____ could own umbrellas, a status symbol.

   答案：women

   原文定位：In ancient Rome, umbrellas were considered a luxury accessible only to wealthy women. Owning an umbrella was a clear sign of wealth and high social rank

   同义替换：「could own」↔「accessible only to」，「a status symbol」↔「a clear sign of wealth and high social rank」

3. Materials and Construction

   · In India, umbrellas were made from local 33_____ .

   答案：wood

   原文定位：In China, umbrellas were elegantly crafted from silk, demonstrating the artisan's skill and the cultural appreciation for beauty. Meanwhile, in India, umbrellas were made from bone and sometimes by wood, which were readily available and commonly used, showing the resourcefulness of the people

4. The umbrella from China was made by silk

   The umbrella from India was made by bone and 34_____ to make them waterproof, improving their usefulness.

   答案：wax

   原文定位：To make umbrellas more effective in the rain, they were coated with wax. This process made them waterproof, greatly enhancing their functionality

   同义替换：「improving their usefulness」↔「enhancing their functionality」

5. Practical Enhancements

   Originally, umbrellas were designed to protect the 35_____ from various elements.

   答案：body

   原文定位：Originally, umbrellas were used to shield the body, not just from rain, but also from the sun and other natural elements

   同义替换：「designed to protect」↔「used to shield」，「various elements」↔「rain, sun and other natural elements」

6. · Early umbrellas resembled big 36_____ providing extensive coverage.

   答案：lids

   原文定位：In their early designs, umbrellas resembled oversized lids. They were large and dome-shaped, which allowed them to cover a good amount of space, providing ample protection from the elements

   同义替换：「big」↔「oversized」，「extensive coverage」↔「ample protection」

7. · Umbrellas were often used with 37_____ especially in cold or wet climates.

   答案：gloves

   原文定位：Umbrellas were frequently paired with gloves, especially with colder or rainier climates

   同义替换：「often used with」↔「frequently paired with」

8. · The introduction of 38_____ in the 1850s made umbrellas lighter and more durable.

   答案：plastic

   原文定位：A major change took place in the 1850s when umbrellas started being manufactured with plastic. This change made them lighter to carry and more durable against wear and tear

   同义替换：「introduction of」↔「started being manufactured with」

9. · In England, umbrella frames began to be made with 39_____ , enhancing their durability.

   答案：steel

   原文定位：However, in England, the use of steel for umbrella frames represented a significant advancement because these materials can make umbrellas much sturdier and capable of withstanding strong winds and harsh weather

   同义替换：「enhancing their durability」↔「much sturdier」

10. · In Germany, the shift to using 40_____ for umbrellas improved their functionality and popularity.

    答案：nylon

    原文定位：Lastly, in Germany, the transition to using nylon for umbrellas represented another key development. This material was chosen for its lightweight and waterproof qualities, offered significant advantages. It made umbrellas easier to carry and more effective in keeping people dry, boosting their popularity in various climates and conditions

    同义替换：「shift」↔「transition」，「improved their functionality」↔「offered significant advantages」