Urban Biodiversity

题目与答案

1. Introduction

   Cities provide new habitats for wildlife, preserving species.

   Common threats to wild animals in rural areas:

   ·31_____

   ·increase in farms and housing

   答案：hunting

   原文定位：Sometimes species survive more successfully than in rural areas where they may be threatened by hunting, though this is increasingly regulated by governments

2. Location of wildlife in cities

   Older buildings -moss, lichens and 32_____ .

   答案：insects

   原文定位：There are moss and lichens on older buildings, and particularly numerous are the insects which find breeding places and shelter there

3. The 33_____ of gardens -small plants and animals.

   答案：walls

   原文定位：And urban environmentalists have for a long time been aware of the particular attraction of garden walls made of wood, stone, brick, and even concrete, which provide ideal spots for smaller plant and animal species to thrive

4. Birds in cities

   The London peregrine falcon now feeds at 34_____ .

   答案：night

   原文定位：This magnificent falcon has actually learned how to search for food by night when its urban prey is more likely to be active instead of its traditional forays for food by day

   同义替换：「feeds」↔「search for food」

5. The seagull uses trash for its 35_____ .

   答案：nests

   原文定位：And the seagull now living in cities provides safety for its offspring from urban predators by building its nest using trash from the streets below

6. Link with human adaptation

   10,000 years ago human society became based on 36_____ .

   答案：agriculture

   原文定位：This adaptation of urban animals can be compared with the adaptation of humans themselves about ten thousand years ago when they developed as a society from being hunter-gatherers to a much more geographically stable system dependent upon agriculture

   同义替换：「became based on」↔「dependent upon」

7. This initially reduced life expectancy due to:

   ·dietary change

   ·spread of 37_____ in heavily populated areas But genetic change gradually reduced these problems.

   答案：diseases

   原文定位：In addition, as humans began to live in ever more dense population centers, disease increased significantly

   同义替换：「reduced」↔「lower」，「due to」↔「because」，「spread of」↔「increased significantly」，「heavily populated areas」↔「dense population centers」

8. Urban biodiversity projects

   Glasgow: volunteers use 38_____ to collect information.

   答案：surveys

   原文定位：Glasgow has recently launched a plan for volunteers from interested community groups to record information using surveys to determine residents' ideas about how to increase local biodiversity

   同义替换：「collect」↔「record」

9. UK Biodiversity Strategy aims to increase the number of 39_____ in cities, but:

   答案：trees

   原文定位：In the UK, a group called Biodiversity Strategy is conducting a special program to encourage the introduction of thousands more trees in urban areas because of their particular suitability as shelter for large numbers of wildlife species

   同义替换：「aims to increase」↔「encourage the introduction of thousands more」，「cities」↔「urban areas」

10. ·some forms of wildlife may be a danger to people's 40_____ .

    ·city residents want wildlife to be controlled and not really wild.

    答案：health

    原文定位：Certain animals, including most famously rats and pigeons, have adapted incredibly successfully to cities and in fact have done so well in some instances that they have become nuisances and a hazard to health

    同义替换：「danger」↔「hazard」，「people」↔「human」